地理环境因子对民航飞行“接地距离远”超限事件影响分析  

Analysis of impacts of geographical environmental factors on"long landing distance"over-limit event of civil aviation

作　　者：冉瑾瑜 孙华波 刘岳峰[1,2] RAN Jinyu;SUN Huabo;LIU Yuefeng(Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Integration and its Applications,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Institute of Aviation Safety,China Academy of Civil Aviation Science and Technology,Beijing 100028,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学遥感与地理信息系统研究所,北京100871 [2]北京大学空间信息集成与3S工程应用北京市重点实验室,北京100871 [3]中国民航科学技术研究院航空安全研究所,北京100028

出　　处：《航空工程进展》2024年第3期81-89,共9页Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1433102)。

摘　　要：“15 m(50 ft)至接地距离远”是民航客机在着陆阶段常发生的超限事件。研究机场地理环境因子对该超限事件的影响,能够为机场选址和飞行品质评估提供参考依据。使用飞机快速存储记录器(QAR)数据、机场的地形和气象数据,通过全局和局部相关性分析,确定“接地距离远”事件的主要地理环境影响因子;基于地理加权回归模型,建立“接地距离远”事件频率与高程、起伏度以及气温之间的回归模型;根据回归系数,采用Kmeans聚类算法将因子的影响模式分为五类,探究地理环境因子对“接地距离远”事件影响的空间格局及作用机制。结果表明:“接地距离远”事件频率与高程、起伏度、气压和气温有显著的相关性,各因子对“接地距离远”事件的影响强度和方向存在明显的空间分异现象,同一影响模式下的机场在空间分布上呈现出聚集性。The long landing distance from 15 m(50 ft)to touchdown is an over-limit event frequently occurring during the landing phase,and also can significantly increase the risk of landing accidents.The study on the impacts of geographical environmental factors of the over-limit event can provide references for airport site selection and flight quality evaluation.Based on the flight quick access record(QAR)data,topographic data and climate data of the airports,global and local correlation analysis are adopted to identify the main factors influencing the over-limit event.The regression model between the over-limit event frequency and elevation,fluctuation,air temperature is established,based on the geographical weighted regression model.According to the regression coefficients,the im⁃pact modes of these factors are divided into five categories using K-means method,so as to explore the spatial pat⁃tern and mechanism of geographical environmental factors on the over-limit event.The results show that the eleva⁃tion,fluctuation,air pressure and air temperature have a significant impact on the frequency of the"long landing dis⁃tance"over-limit event.There is an obvious spatial differentiation of the impact of geographical environment fac⁃tors.The spatial distribution of airports under the same impact mode shows clustering.

关 键 词：飞行品质监控 接地距离远事件 快速存储记录器 地理环境因子 地理加权回归 

分 类 号：V328[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]