英国公立教育拔尖人才前置化培养背景、体系与争议  

The Talent and Gifted Policy in British Public Education:Background,System and Controversy

作　　者：苗学杰[1] 王雪洋 开晨俏 MIAO Xuejie;WANG Xueyang;KAI Chenqiao(Department of Education,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,China)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学教育学部,新乡454003

出　　处：《比较教育学报》2024年第3期101-113,共13页Journal of Comparative Education

基　　金：河南省教科规划2022年度重大招标课题河南省新高考改革政策平稳落地的保障机制研究(项目编号:2022JKZB06)。

摘　　要：作为世界教育强国,英国秉持全球领跑者的理念,维系“精英背后的平等”,追求“公平中的卓越”,积极推动公立教育拔尖人才前置化培养。政府把拔尖人才培养置于国家优先战略;学校设计多种甄选方式并提前选拔;实施“浮尖”“展才”“强化”多元服务体系开展精准支持;建立一体化的跟踪与监测体系评估拔尖学生的过程性进步。其政策也引发了一系列争议,面临追求卓越与维护公平的两难,对拔尖人才的“标签化”识别引发群体焦虑,基础学段注重测试的选拔方式受到社会批评,国家拔尖人才政策式微并出现责任重心的下移。As a leading country in the field of education,the UK has always maintained a philosophy of global leadership,upholding"equality within elitism"and pursuing"excellence within fairness."The country actively promotes the early cultivation of talent in public education.The government has prioritized the“cultivation of able students”as a national strategy.Schools design multiple methods to identify talents,advance the selection procedure,and provide precise support through"acceleration""enrichment"and"strengthening."An integrated tracking and monitoring system is established in schools to assess the progress of able students.However,these policies have also sparked a series of controversies and encountered a dilemma of excellence versus fairness.The"labeling"of talent identification has aroused group anxiety,and the selection methods that focus on testing during the basic education stage have faced societal criticism.There has been a decline in the national policy for able students,and a shift in the focus of responsibility.

关 键 词：英国 公立教育 拔尖人才 前置化培养 

分 类 号：G4[文化科学—教育学]