油麻藤生态生物学特性及其资源利用的研究进展  

Research Progress on Ecological and Biological Properties and Resource Utilization of Mucuna sempervirens

作　　者：杨期和 牟利辉[2] 肖建华 Yang Qihe;Mou Lihui;Xiao Jianhua(Guangdong Provincial Key Lab.of Conservation and Precision Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Mountainous Areas,Meizhou 514015,China;Jiaying University,Meizhou 514015,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省山区特色农业资源保护与精准利用重点实验室,广东梅州514015 [2]嘉应学院,广东梅州514015

出　　处：《中国野生植物资源》2024年第5期95-101,共7页Chinese Wild Plant Resources

基　　金：广东省科技创新和乡村振兴战略专项(2021A0305);嘉应学院2021年度基础教育研究课题(JCJY20211001);教育厅自然科学研究项目(2019KTSCX171);普通高校人文社会科学省市共建重点研究基地客家文化研究基地招标项目(20KYKT09);高等教育“冲补强”提升计划重点建设学科(农业资源与环境)建设项目(粤科教函[2018]81号)。

摘　　要：油麻藤主要分布于热带亚热带地区,在我国广布于34.5°N以南的省区。较耐阴,喜光,喜暖湿气候,较耐干旱和贫瘠,喜肥沃深厚、排水良好的疏松石灰质土壤,其物候节律在华南地区与西南地区有所不同。目前以播种、扦插繁殖为主,非试管高效快繁技术也开始采用。啮齿动物松鼠是其有效授粉媒介,又是油麻藤的有效种子传播者,松鼠与油麻藤之间形成了“双重互惠”关系,近年来,油麻藤是研究传粉生物学、植物与动物协同进化的重要材料。油麻藤具有较高的园林观赏价值,在南方地区常用于垂直绿化,也有较高的药用保健价值,应加以推广应用,同时加强其资源的多元化利用和种质保存的研究力度。Mucuna sempervirens Hemsl.is mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions,and is widely distributed in provinces and regions south of 34.5oN in China.It is more tolerant to shade,preferred light,warm and humid climate,is more tolerant to drought and barrenness,preferred fertile and well drained loose calcareous soil,and its phenological rhythm is different in South China and Southwest China.At present,seeding and cutting propagation were the main methods,and non test tube efficient rapid propagation techniques had also been adopted.The rodent squirrel was its effective pollinator and also an effective seed spreader.There was a"double reciprocity"relationship between the squirrel and the vine.In recent years,it had been an important material for studying pollination biology and co-evolution between plants and animals.This plant had high ornamental value in gardens and was commonly used for vertical greening in southern regions.It also had high medicinal and health value and should be promoted and applied.At the same time,research efforts should be strengthened to diversify the utilization of its resources and preserve its germplasm.

关 键 词：油麻藤 物候 繁育 资源利用 研究进展 

分 类 号：X176[环境科学与工程—环境科学]