交易或合作?双积分政策下汽车制造商积分策略研究  

Transaction or Cooperation? Research on the Credits Strategy of Automakers under the Dual-credit Policy

作　　者：霍红[1] 罗丹 鄢章华[1] HUO Hong;LUO Dan;YAN Zhanghua(School of Management,Harbin University of Commerce,Harbin 150028,China;School of Business Administration,Southwest University of Finance and Economics,Chengdu 610072,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨商业大学管理学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150028 [2]西南财经大学工商管理学院,四川成都610072

出　　处：《运筹与管理》2024年第4期133-139,I0040-I0045,共13页Operations Research and Management Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(19YJC630197);中央支持地方高校改革发展高水平人才项目(2020GSP13);黑龙江省社会科学基金项目(20GLB114);黑龙江省社会科学基金智库项目(21ZK032);黑龙江省哲学社会科学规划项目(21GLC187)。

摘　　要：双积分政策实施后,汽车制造企业须调整生产运营策略以应对政策变化为企业带来的影响。以由一个同时生产传统燃油汽车和新能源汽车的汽车制造商和经销商组成的汽车供应链为研究对象,构建汽车制造商的交易策略和合作策略模型,比较不同策略下汽车供应链的分散决策和集中决策;对比分析不同投资金额时汽车制造商的最优积分策略。研究表明汽车制造商可通过直接交易或与其他汽车制造商合作的方式获取新能源正积分;不论汽车制造商选择交易策略或合作策略,汽车供应链集中决策比分散决策更优;当投入的金额较小时,合作策略更有优势;通过收益共享契约协调后,供应链成员收益达到帕累托最优。As the global climate warms,many countries are beginning to take steps to reduce air pollution using legal means.The European Union plans to reduce 40%of carbon emissions by 2030 compared to 1990,and Canada began a carbon tax on companies that emitted carbon dioxide in 2019.In 2020,the Chinese government set an emission reduction target by 40%in carbon dioxide emission intensity per unit of GDP in 2005.To fulfill their responsibilities to reduce carbon emissions,countries around the world are taking action to contribute to solving severe environmental problems.China also promoted the purchase of new energy vehicles through government subsidies to consumers.With the arrival of the dual-credit policy,the subsidy policy has stopped since then.Since implementing the dual-credit policy,some companies that produce new energy vehicles have reportedly earned thousands of dollars in profits on just one new energy vehicle.Implementing the policy has increased hundreds of millions of dollars in revenue for some companies.However,some car manufacturing companies that produce traditional fuel vehicles have suffered severe losses under the dual-credit policy.In the dual-credit policy context,developing appropriate credit strategies and establishing relationships with dealers have become a central issue for companies.In this paper,we study an automakers’credit strategy selection problem,and explore the optimal decision problem of automakers and dealers based on the policy.This paper provides a corresponding theoretical basis and practical foundation for automobile manufacturers to respond to the policy in time and the national call,and fulfill their corporate responsibilities,which can promote the rapid development of the automotive industry.In this paper,the credit trading strategy is set as a direct transaction between automobile manufacturers to obtain or sell new energy credits.The cooperation strategy is a credit strategy selection problem for automobile manufacturers to obtain or sell new energy credits at a particular

关 键 词：双积分政策 积分策略 分散和集中决策 收益共享契约 

分 类 号：F272.3[经济管理—企业管理]