不同连作年限马铃薯根际土壤细菌群落特征研究  

Effects of different continuous cropping years on diversity of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil of potatoes

作　　者：徐沛国 谢奎忠[2] 胡新元 王维[1] 谭雪莲 XU Peiguo;XIE Kuizhong;HU Xinyuan;WANG Wei;TAN Xuelian(School of Resources and Environment,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;Potato Research Institute of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciencesy,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Dryland Agriculture Research Institute,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院马铃薯研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2024年第3期197-205,共9页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860354,32260550);甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划项目(2022GAAS36,2023GAAS20);国家重点研发计划“绿色宜居村镇技术创新”重点专项(2022YFD1100503)。

摘　　要：采用长期定位试验,设马铃薯连作1~7 a(CP1~CP7)和轮作(RT)8个处理,通过高通量测序探究不同连作年限对马铃薯根际土壤细菌群落多样性的影响。结果表明:供试土壤中,放线菌门、变形菌门、厚壁菌门为主要的优势菌门。随连作年限的增加,土壤细菌数量表现出波动变化趋势,连作年限影响细菌群落结构。RT、CP1、CP2、CP3处理土壤细菌相似度较高,CP4、CP5、CP6、CP7处理土壤细菌相似度较高。马铃薯连作7 a土壤中的放线菌门相对丰度降幅最大,较RT降低10.47%;厚壁菌门相对丰度在连作6 a土壤中显著降低,较RT减少22.07%;类诺卡氏属相对丰度在连作7 a显著减少,较RT减少2.34%;芽孢杆菌属相对丰度在连作6 a时最低,较RT减少9.18%;连作7 a较RT减少5.14%;芽单胞菌属相对丰度在连作7 a土壤中达到最高(16.54%),较RT增加5.26%。长期连作改变了马铃薯土壤细菌群落结构,连作4 a土壤细菌群落种类开始变化,土壤细菌群落结构也随之改变。土壤中预防病害的菌类减少,增加了马铃薯染病风险。Utilizing long-term positioning trials,eight treatments were established,involving potato continuous cropping for 1 to 7 years(CP1~CP7)and crop rotation(RT).High-throughput sequencing was used to explore the effects of different continuous cropping years on the diversity of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil of potatoes.The results showed that in the tested soils,Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria,and Firmicutes were the dominant bacterial phyla.As the duration of continuous cropping increased,the number of soil bacteria exhibited a fluctuating trend,and the continuous cropping years influenced the structure of the bacterial community.The RT,CP1,CP2 and CP3 treatments had higher soil bacterial similarity,as did the CP4,CP5,CP6,and CP7 treatments.In the soil after 7 years of continuous potato cropping,the relative abundance of Actinobacteria decreased the most,by 10.47%compared to RT.The relative abundance of Firmicutes significantly dropped in the soil after 6 years of continuous cropping,by 22.07%compared to RT.Nocardioides relative abundance significantly decreased after 7 years of continuous cropping,by 2.34%compared to RT.The relative abundance of Bacillus was the lowest after 6 years of continuous cropping,by 9.18%compared to RT,and decreased by 5.14%after 7 years.The relative abundance of Gemmatimonadaceae_uncultured reached its peak in the soil after 7 years of continuous cropping(16.54%),increasing by 5.26%compared to RT.Long-term continuous cropping has changed the structure of soil bacterial communities in potatoes,with changes in the types of soil bacterial communities starting after 4 years of continuous cropping,and the community structure altering as a result.The decrease in disease-preventing bacteria in the soil has increased the risk of potato diseases.

关 键 词：马铃薯 连作年限 根际土壤 细菌群落 群落多样性 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S532[农业科学—农业基础科学]