北京市建筑工人调配及其制度探索(1951—1954)  

An Exploration into the System and Allocation of Construction Workers in Beijing(1951-1954)

作　　者：李坤睿 夏鸣 Li Kunrui;Xia Ming

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学中共党史党建学院 [2]中共舟山市委组织部

出　　处：《中共党史研究》2024年第2期98-110,共13页CPC History Studies

基　　金：北京市社科基金研究基地一般项目“中国共产党处理中央和地方关系的历史经验研究(1949—1954):以北京市为中心”(18JDKDB011)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：新中国成立之初,劳动力统一调配制度暂未建立。在城市建筑任务繁重、建筑单位急需工人的背景下,1951年建筑业反把头斗争后传统招工制度解体,出现了建筑单位争抢工人、外地劳动力大量入城务工等突出问题。1951年至1954年,在不同层级、不同地区的部门单位和劳动者个人的积极参与下,最终确定了以“各级政府领导、劳动行政部门负责管理”为核心内容的劳动力统一调配制度。这些参与者从自身立场及对政策的理解出发展开复杂互动,一定程度上影响着制度探索的走向。In the early years of the People’s Republic of China,a unified labor allocation system had not yet been established.Against the backdrop of heavy urban construction tasks and the urgent need for workers to build units,the traditional recruitment system disintegrated after the construction industry’s anti-sabotage struggle against feudal formen in 1951,leading to serious problems,such as building units competing for workers and a large influx of migrant workers from other regions seeking employment.From 1951 to 1954,with active participation by departments at various levels and in various regions,as well as by individual workers,a unified labor allocation system was eventually established.The core content of this system consisted of“labor administrative departments being responsible for management under the leadership of governments at all levels.”The participants engaged in complex interactions based on their own positions and their understanding of the policies,to some extent influencing the direction of the institutional exploration.

关 键 词：央地关系 条块关系 建筑工人 劳动力调配 

分 类 号：D232[政治法律—政治学] K27[政治法律—中共党史]