三相异步电机轴承故障的诊断策略  

The Diagnostic Strategies for Bearing Faults in Three-phase Induction Motor

作　　者：李炜航 林挺豪 高振博 王宇清 阚超豪[1] LI Weihang;LIN Tinghao;GAO Zhenbo;WANG Yuqing;KAN Chaohao(School of Electrical and Automation Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学电气与自动化工程学院,合肥230009

出　　处：《微电机》2024年第5期7-10,45,共5页Micromotors

基　　金：安徽省大学生创新创业训练计划项目“采用电流信号的电机轴承故障度判断”(S202310359049)。

摘　　要：轴承故障是三相异步电机常见的故障之一,及时准确地进行故障诊断对于保障电机的正常运行至关重要。针对电机电流信号特征分析法(MCSA)易受到电机基波频率和系统噪声干扰等影响,本文提出了一种基于Hilbert变换的轴承故障诊断方法。先对三相电流信号进行Hilbert变换,提取电流信号的平方包络线,然后利用频域分析方法傅立叶变换(FFT),对平方包络信号进行分析,最后对FFT之后的频谱图进行归一化处理。通过观察其频谱特征,可以判断轴承是否发生故障。该方法避免了电机基波频率和系统噪声干扰,能够可靠地检测三相异步电机轴承故障。并搭建了试验平台验证了方法的可行性。Bearing failure is one of the common faults in three-phase asynchronous motors,and timely and accurate fault diagnosis is crucial to ensure the normal operation of the motor.Considering that the Motor Current Signature Analysis(MCSA)method is easily affected by motor fundamental frequency and system noise interference,this paper proposed a bearing fault diagnosis method for three-phase asynchronous motors based on Hilbert transform.Firstly,the three-phase current signals were processed using Hilbert transform to extract the squared envelope of the current signals.Then,the squared envelope signal was analyzed using Fourier Transform(FFT),a frequency domain analysis method.Finally,the FFT spectrum was normalized,and the bearing fault can be determined by observing its spectral characteristics.This method avoids interference from the motor fundamental frequency and system noise,and can reliably detect bearing faults in three-phase asynchronous motors.A test platform has been built to verify the feasibility of the method.

关 键 词：轴承故障 三相异步电机 HILBERT变换 频谱特征 

分 类 号：TM346.2[电气工程—电机]