二程君主论的内涵及其思想史背景  

The connotation of Chen Hao and Cheng Yi’s theory of monarchy and its ideological history background

作　　者：单智伟 陈勇 SHAN Zhiwei;CHEN Yong(School of Humanities,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China;School of Marxism,Jiaxing Nanhu University,Jiaxing 314001,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文学院,上海200233 [2]嘉兴南湖学院马克思主义学院,浙江嘉兴314001

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期74-83,共10页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：二程作为北宋理学的奠基者,不仅对儒家的内圣心性之学有着重要的思想阐发,而且对儒家所强调的外王事业亦有诸多理论创见,他们打破了儒家长期以来“内圣”和“外王”相脱节的困境,明确了为学与为政的次第关系,构建了“格致诚正修齐治平”的新的治道体系。二程的治道体系是以君主为核心的,它强调君主的重要性,着眼于君主心术的本源,并对君主提出了期待和要求,重建了三代以降日渐败坏的政治、社会秩序,成为后世政治思想的核心。二程对君主权威的重视及其关于君主的独到见解对中国古代君主论的发展产生了重要影响,是当时社会各种思想相互作用的结果。As the founders of Neo-Confucianism in the Northern Song Dynasty,Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi not only had an important ideological elaboration on the Confucian theory of the inner sagelihood but also had many theoretical ideas on the cause of the outer kingliness that Confucianism emphasized.They have overcome the long-standing dilemma of the“outer kingliness”being disconnected with the“inner sagelihood”,clarified the sequential relationship between learning and governance,and established a new governance system of“graciousness,sincerity,honesty,rectification,and governance”.The Cheng Brothers’governance system is centered on the monarch.It emphasizes the importance of the monarch,focuses on the origin of the monarch’s mentality,and puts forward expectations and requirements for the monarch.It reconstructs the corrupted political and social order after three dynasties and becomes the core of later political thought.Their emphasis on the authority of the monarch and unique views on the monarch had an important impact on the development of the ancient Chinese monarchy,which was the result of the interaction of various thoughts in society at that time.

关 键 词：二程 君主论 治道体系 思想史 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学]