声波测井多尺度成像方法在压裂效果评价中的综合应用  

Application of Multi-Scale Borehole Acoustics Imaging Technology to Fracturing Effects Evaluation

作　　者：孙学凯 余春昊 张浩 周炬锋 刘先平 SUN Xuekai;YU Chunhao;ZHANG Hao;ZHOU Jufeng;LIU Xianping(Acoustic Research Center,Logging Technology Research Institute,China National Logging Corporation,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710077,China;Well Logging Key Laboratory,China National Petroleum Corporation,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710077,China;Xinjiang Branch,China National Logging Corporation,Karamay,Xinjiang 834000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团测井有限公司测井技术研究院测井声学技术中心,陕西西安710077 [2]中国石油天然气集团有限公司测井重点实验室,陕西西安710077 [3]中国石油集团测井有限公司新疆分公司,新疆克拉玛依834000

出　　处：《测井技术》2024年第2期157-162,共6页Well Logging Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“基础科研条件与重大科学仪器设备研发”(2023YFF0720702)。

摘　　要：多极子阵列声波测井记录了丰富的井筒声场信息,各类声波的探测视角和深度各有不同,是实现地层精细评价的重要信息来源。基于储层压裂评价的需要,主要阐述常见阵列声波测井数据中可利用的成像方法系列,即基于斯通利波的井壁裂缝成像、基于纵波的径向声速层析成像和基于反射声波的远探测成像,分别对应浅(探测深度小于0.3 m)、中(探测深度约1.0 m)、深(探测深度大于5.0 m)这3种探测尺度。为适配压裂评价场景,重点讨论斯通利波成像过程、径向声速层析的正反演机制以及远探测的优化成像策略。实际中,首次将此测井声波多尺度成像技术应用到中国西部某储层压裂,分别对压裂前裸眼井和两次压裂后采集的3次阵列声波测井数据执行成像处理和统一对比分析,分析结果与现场应用结果相吻合,取得良好的应用效果,为明确压裂裂缝在近场-远场的变化关系提供可视化依据。Multiple types of waves co-existing in borehole acoustic logging,can provide various insights about the formation,because of their complementary investigation depth and perspectives.Focusing on ever-increasing needs in post-fracturing evaluation,this paper demonstrates a series of related imaging technologies that can be applied to the commonly-available array acoustic logging waveform.Namely,Stoneley-based fracture imaging,slowness radial profiling via compressional wave and reflection migration via shear wave are integrated to evaluate induced fractures to different radial depths,which respectively corresponds to the shallow-scale(i.e.<0.3 meters),median scale(i.e.is about1.0 meters)and deep scale(i.e.>5.0 meters)in the field of borehole acoustic logging.Details on handling Stoneley properties,tomographic inversion strategies and migration schemes are discussed in the context of post-fracturing evaluation.The proposed multi-scale imaging technologies has been applied to a field case in western China for the first time.Processing and comparisons are conducted to multiple runs of this case,which are open-hole before fracturing and after two successive fracturing operations.Visual evidences are observed about how induced fractures are distributed from the near wellbore region into deep formation,which are in good agreement with practical findings.

关 键 词：阵列声波 多尺度 压裂评价 径向层析 远探测 

分 类 号：P631.84[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]