联合指导制对博士培养质量的异质性影响——基于2021年全国博士离校调查数据的实证分析  

The Heterogeneous Impact of Joint Supervision System on the Quality of Doctoral Training:An Empirical Analysis Based on National Survey of Doctoral Graduates in 2021

作　　者：徐浩天 沈文钦[1] 赵延东 XU Haotian;SHEN Wenqin;ZHAO Yandong(Graduate School of Education,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;School of Sociology and Population Studies,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学教育学院,北京100871 [2]中国人民大学社会与人口学院,北京100872

出　　处：《复旦教育论坛》2024年第2期64-74,共11页Fudan Education Forum

基　　金：2019年国家自然科学基金面上项目“博士毕业生的初职获得与早期生涯发展追踪研究”(71974004)。

摘　　要：联合指导目前已经成为博士生学术指导的一种重要形式。但和传统的单一导师制相比,联合指导制度的效果具体如何,相关的实证分析较为不足。本研究基于2021年全国博士离校调查数据,通过回归分析、异质性分析、拉索回归调整等研究方法,分析了联合指导制对于博士生研究产出和能力发展评价的学科异质性影响。研究发现,导师指导形式是博士生培养质量的重要影响因素,相较于传统的单一导师制,联合指导制对博士生的研究产出、能力发展发挥了显著的积极影响。在进一步的学科异质性分析中,结果表明在理学、工学、医学中,联合指导制的实施显著提高了博士生的研究产出和能力发展水平;在农学和社会科学中,联合导师制的影响只体现在能力发展方面;而在人文学科中,联合指导制对论文产出和能力发展均无显著影响。基于上述实证结论,研究建议在理工医等学科中进一步推广联合指导制度。In the world,the joint supervision system has become an important form of academic guidance for doctoral students.However,empirical analysis comparing the effects of the joint supervision system with the traditional single-supervisor system is still insufficient.Based on the national survey of doctoral graduates in 2021,this study analyzed the impact of the doctoral joint supervision system on academic publication and ability development evaluation through regression analysis,heterogeneity analysis,treatment-effects estimation using lasso,and other research methods.The research finds that the form of PhD supervision is an important factor affecting the quality of doctoral training.Compared with the traditional system,the joint supervision system has played a significant positive role in the research output and ability development of doctoral students.In further analysis of discipline heterogeneity,the results show that the implementation of the joint supervision system has significantly improved the research output and ability development levels of doctoral students in science,engineering,and medicine.In agronomy and social sciences,the influence of the joint supervision system is only reflected in ability development,while in the humanities,the joint supervision system has no significant impact on paper output and ability development.Based on the above findings,we believe that the joint supervision system can be further promoted in these disciplines.

关 键 词：博士生培养 联合指导 异质性分析 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]