运动边界对高寒动车组转向架区域风雪运动的影响  

Influence of moving boundary conditions on the motion characteristics of wind and snow in the bogie regions of alpine high-speed trains

作　　者：王家斌 刘浩源 刘操[1,2] 商雯斐 张琰 高广军[1,2] WANG Jiabin;LIU Haoyuan;LIU Cao;SHANG Wenfei;ZHANG Yan;GAO Guangjun(The State Key Laboratory of Heavy-duty and Express High-power Electric Locomotive,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education,School of Traffic&Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学重载快捷大功率电力机车全国重点实验室,湖南长沙410075 [2]中南大学交通运输工程学院,轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期1665-1677,共13页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52202429);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2023JJ40747);中国空气动力研究与发展中心结冰与防除冰重点实验室开放课题(IADL20220106)。

摘　　要：采用基于Realizable k−ε湍流模型的非定常雷诺时均方法(URANS)和离散相模型(DPM)探究运动边界对高速列车底部风雪运动规律及转向架区域积雪分布的影响。研究结果表明:地面的运动有效缓解了转向架底部气流的流向动能衰弱效应,显著增加了转向架2区域的流向速度分布,并影响了雪粒垂向速度分布,致使转向架1区域的表面积雪质量降低33.6%,转向架2区域的表面积雪质量增加20.1%;列车轮对的旋转未影响转向架底面积雪分布,但轮对旋转使后端板周围雪粒垂向速度大幅增加,进而增加了转向架上表面的积雪分布;相较于旋转轮对,在轮对静止条件下,牵引电机、齿轮箱、构架和后端板表面积雪质量分别降低1.5%、2.9%、3.4%和6.4%,转向架2区域的表面积雪总质量整体降低3.2%,因此,在高速列车转向架区域积雪的数值仿真和风洞试验研究中,要尽可能地实现转向架、地面和轮对之间的相对运动。The unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-stokes(URANS)method based on the Realizable k−εturbulence model and the discrete phase model(DPM)were employed to investigate the influence of motion boundaries on the aerodynamic characteristics and snow distribution in the steering gear area of high-speed trains.The results show that the movement of the ground effectively mitigates the flow kinetic energy attenuation effect underneath the steering gear,which significantly increases the flow velocity distribution in the steering gear zone 2 and affects the vertical velocity distribution of snow particles.This leads to a 33.6%reduction in the snow mass on the surface of steering gear 1 and a 20.1%increase in the snow mass on the surface of steering gear 2.The rotation of the train wheelsets does not impact the snow distribution on the bottom surface of the steering gear,but it causes a significant increase in the vertical velocity of snow particles around the rear end plate,and thereby increases the snow distribution on the upper surface of the steering gear.Compared to rotating wheelsets,stationary wheelsets reduce the snow masses on the traction motor,gearbox,frame and rear end plate surfaces by 1.5%,2.9%,3.4%and 6.4%,respectively,resulting in an overall 3.2%decrease in the total snow mass on the surface of steering gear 2.Therefore,in the numerical simulation and wind tunnel experiments of snow accumulation in the steering gear area of high-speed trains,it is essential to achieve the relative motion between the steering gear,ground,and wheelsets as accurately as possible.

关 键 词：高速列车 转向架区域 风雪流 运动边界 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U271.91[机械工程—车辆工程]