热处理工艺对SLM打印波纹管耐撞性影响  

Impact of heat treatment process on durability of SLM-printed corrugated tubes

作　　者：姚曙光[1,2,3] 余小龙 黄冲 许平[1,2,3] 周亿莉 YAO Shuguang;YU Xiaolong;HUANG Chong;XU Ping;ZHOU Yili(Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track Ministry of Education,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410075 [2]中南大学轨道交通安全关键技术国际合作联合实验室,湖南长沙410075 [3]中南大学轨道交通列车安全保障技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期1931-1939,共9页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3703801);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2021JJ30853)。

摘　　要：为了获得稳定的轴对称变形模式和较好的耐撞性,设计轴向轮廓为正弦曲线的薄壁锥形波纹管。采用SLM制备AlSi10Mg合金试样和波纹管,并进行拉伸实验和波纹管轴向压溃实验,采用实验和数值仿真研究退火、固溶和T6热处理对波纹管轴向压缩下耐撞性的影响。研究结果表明:265℃退火热处理后,波纹管在静压下出现裂纹失效,与未热处理相比,AlSi10Mg合金试样经T6热处理后伸长率由4.7%提升至13.8%,拉伸强度由413.2 MPa降低至135.3 MPa。波纹管压溃力波动范围随伸长率增加而减小。经265℃、2 h退火处理后,波纹管峰值力达到最大为7.11 kN,压溃力波动幅值最大,压溃力效率为65.9%。经T6热处理后,波纹管峰值力降到最小,为4.75 kN,压溃力波动为所有波纹管中最小,吸能量最少,为279.12 J。与T6热处理相比,经295℃、3 h退火热处理后,波纹管平均压溃力达到5.09 kN,提升了16%,吸能量达到最大,为341.24 J,提升了18.5%。为了提升SLM打印的波纹管耐撞击性能,热处理工艺需要在保证伸长率的同时尽量提高材料强度。In order to achieve a stable axisymmetric deformation mode,a thin-walled conical corrugated tube with axial contour of a sine curve was designed.AlSi10Mg alloy specimens and corrugated tubes were fabricated using selective laser melting(SLM),and were subjected to tensile tests and axial compression tests.The effects of annealing,solution treatment and T6 heat treatment on the durability of corrugated tubes under axial compression were investigated through experiments and numerical simulations.The results show that the corrugated tube fails due to cracking under static pressure after annealing heat treatment at 265℃.Compared to untreated specimens,the elongation of AlSi10Mg alloy specimens increases from 4.7%to 13.8%after T6 heat treatment,while the ultimate tensile strength decreases from 413.2 MPa to 135.3 MPa.The range of fluctuation in compressive force of the corrugated tube decreases as the elongation increases.After annealing at 265℃for 2 h,the peak force of the corrugated tube reaches the maximum of 7.11 kN,with a crushing force efficiency of 65.9%,with the largest crushing force fluctuation among all corrugated tubes.After T6 heat treatment,the peak force of the corrugated tube decreases to the minimum of 4.75 kN,with the smallest crushing force fluctuation among all corrugated tubes,and the lowest energy absorption is 279.12 J.Compared with the corrugated tube after T6 heat treatment,the average force of the corrugated tube after annealing at 295℃for 3 h is 5.09 kN which increases by 16%,while the energy absorption reaches the maximum of 341.24 J,which increases by 18.5%.For SLM-printed corrugated tubes,the heat treatment process needs to improve material strength together with ensuring elongation.

关 键 词：波纹管 SLM打印 热处理 耐撞性 

分 类 号：U270.3[机械工程—车辆工程]