“三言”中的套语研究  

A Study of Formulae in Sanyan

作　　者：赵雯 Zhao Wen(Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学文学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《陕西开放大学学报》2024年第2期53-61,共9页Journal of The Open University of ShaanXi

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“明代至民国西北地区契约文书整理、语言文字研究及数据库建设”(项目编号:19ZDA309)。

摘　　要：“三言”作为中国古代白话小说的代表性作品,套语的使用是其独特的叙事风格和显著的体制特征,学界对于“三言”中的套语研究大多从文学角度展开。而“三言”文本语料价值极高,且“套语”研究近年来逐渐在语言学界得到重视。从语言学角度入手,专门对“三言”句际连接处的套语进行研究,按照其出现在不同结构中的作用进行分类,从梳理分类的过程中可以看到“三言”中的套语的一些特征。一是共同特征,即具有复现性、固定性、预构性和与语境联系紧密的套语共同特征。二是与契约文书套语进行对比,“三言”中的套语具有弱化性和变体较多的独特特征。对比敦煌变文和宋元平话的相关套语,在套语的发展演变中进一步展示其特征。进一步证实了“套语”在文本之中的重要性。As the representative works of the ancient Chinese vernacular novels,the use of formulae is a unique narrative style and a significant system feature of Sanyan.Most of the academic researches on the formulae in Sanyan are carried out from the literary perspective.The corpus value of Sanyan text is very high,and the study of formulae has gradually gained attention in linguistics in recent years.This paper makes a special study of the formulae at the junction of sentences in Sanyan from the perspective of linguistics.This paper classifies the formulae in Sanyan according to the functions of formulae in different structures.From the process of sorting and classification,we can see some characteristics of the formulae in Sanyan.First,the common characteristics of the formulae are repeatability,fixability,preconstruction and closely related to context.Second,compared with the formulae of contract documents,formulae in Sanyan have the unique characteristics of weakening and more varieties.This paper also compares the related formulae of Dunhuang Bianwen and popular stories in the Song and Yuan dynasties,and further shows its characteristics in the development and evolution of formulae.This paper further confirms the importance of“formulae”in the text.

关 键 词：三言 套语 特征 

分 类 号：H109.3[语言文字—汉语]