蛋白质及氨基酸组成对毛皮动物毛皮质量影响的研究进展  

Research progress on effects of protein and amino acid composition on fur quality of fur animals

作　　者：赫章永 孙海涛[2] 高淑霞[2] 刘公言 HE Zhang-yong;SUN Hai-tao;GAO Shu-xia;LIU Gong-yan

机构地区：[1]平邑县畜牧发展促进中心,山东临沂273300 [2]山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,农业农村部畜禽生物组学重点实验室,山东省畜禽疫病防治与繁育重点实验室,济南市宠物科技重点实验室,山东济南250100

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第9期148-151,共4页Feed Research

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(项目编号:ZR2023QC017);山东省重点研发计划“乡村振兴科技创新提振行动计划(项目编号:2023TZXD044)”;国家兔产业技术体系济南综合试验站(项目编号:CARS-43-G-7);山东省特种经济动物产业技术体系设施与环境控制岗位(项目编号:SDAIT-21-09)。

摘　　要：毛囊是一个再生器官,其生长过程不断经历生长期、衰退期和休止期。毛囊周期性的循环生长决定毛皮动物被毛的生长与脱落。毛囊不仅受遗传、环境等因素调控,还与饲粮中营养物质的含量和种类有关,尤其与蛋白质含量及氨基酸组成密切相关。蛋白质是毛皮动物被毛组成的重要物质。含硫氨基酸是限制被毛生长的主要氨基酸。硫元素以二硫键形式存在于被毛中,对维持被毛纤维蛋白分子网状空间结构、抵御外界各种不利因素的侵蚀具有重要作用。此外,赖氨酸、色氨酸、酪氨酸、谷氨酸等其他非含硫氨基酸也参与毛皮动物皮张的形成,在控制毛皮动物皮肤被毛颜色、促进被毛生长和调节毛皮成熟中发挥重要作用。文章综述了近年来饲粮中蛋白质含量及氨基酸组成对毛皮动物毛皮质量影响的研究进展,以期为指导毛皮动物遗传选育和生产提供参考。Hair follicle is a regenerative organ,and its growth process constantly goes through the cycle of growth,decline and rest period.The cyclic growth of hair follicle determines the growth and loss of fur.Hair follicles are not only regulated by genetic,environmental,and other factors,but also closely related to the content and type of nutrients in the diet,especially the protein content and amino acid composition.Protein is an important substance in the composition of fur animal coat.Sulfur-containing amino acids are the main amino acids that restrict the growth of coat.Sulfur elements exist in the coat in the form of disulfide bonds,which play an important role in maintaining the network space structure of coat fibrin molecules and resisting the erosion of various adverse factors from the outside world.In addition,lysine,tryptophan,tyrosine,glutamic acid,and other non-sulfur-containing amino acids are also involved in the formation of fur animal skin sheets,which play an important role in controlling fur animal skin coat color,promoting coat growth and regulating fur maturation.In this paper,the recent research progress on the effects of protein content and amino acid composition in feed on fur quality of fur animals is reviewed,in order to provide a reference for guiding the genetic selection and production of fur animals.

关 键 词：毛囊 蛋白质 氨基酸 毛皮质量 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]