TDI发动机润滑油挤压高频噪声影响因素试验研究  

Influencing Factors of High-Frequency Noise from Lube Oil Squeezing of Turbocharged DI Engine

作　　者：刘亚奇[1,2] 吴恢栋 赵国超 曹永伟 马瑞瑄[1,2] LIU Yaqi;WU Huidong;ZHAO Guochao;CAO Yongwei;MA Ruixuan(Great Wall Motor Co.,Ltd.,Baoding 071000,China;Hebei Vehicle Engine Technology Innovation Center,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]长城汽车股份有限公司,河北保定071000 [2]河北省车用发动机技术创新中心,河北保定071000

出　　处：《车用发动机》2024年第3期46-49,共4页Vehicle Engine

摘　　要：针对涡轮增压柴油机的运行特点,在半消声试验室进行了发动机加速工况主轴承处润滑油挤压高频噪声的影响因素测试。研究过程基于发动机主轴承座振动测试和曲轴运动轨迹测试,重点分析了润滑系统特征和主轴承结构特征以及曲轴轴承支撑方式对高频挤压噪声的影响。结果表明:润滑油黏度、润滑油含气量、主轴承间隙、主轴颈形状和轴承支撑方式等均对主轴承座异常振动产生影响;当轴承载荷小,轴心偏心距较大,曲轴自转方向与公转方向相反时,主轴承润滑油压力升高,润滑油内的气泡被挤压产生高频的气泡破裂噪声,并伴随主轴承座异常振动;当曲轴运转稳定且轴心轨迹平顺时,主轴承座异常振动对应转速升高,高频噪声不易识别。According to the operation characteristics of turbocharged diesel engine,the influencing factors of high-frequency noise from lubricating oil squeezing were tested at the main bearing of engine under the condition of rapid acceleration in the semi-anechoic laboratory.Based on the vibration test of the main bearing seat of engine and track test of shaft,the influence of the characteristics of lubrication system,the structural characteristics of main bearing,and the support mode of crankshaft bearing on the high-frequency squeezing noise were analyzed.The analysis results show that the viscosity and air content of lubricating oil,the clearance of main bearing,the shape of main journal and the bearing support mode all have an impact on the abnormal vibration of main bearing housing.When the bearing load is small,the offset distance of crankshaft center is large,and the rotation direction of crankshaft is opposite to the revolution direction,the main bearing lubricating oil pressure increases,and the bubbles in the lubricating oil are squeezed to produce high-frequency bubble burst noise,which is accompanied by the abnormal vibration of main bearing seat.When the crankshaft runs stably and the track of shaft center is smooth,the speed corresponding to the abnormal vibration of main bearing seat increases,and the high-frequency noise is difficult to identify.

关 键 词：柴油机 主轴承座 振动 高频噪声 轴心轨迹 

分 类 号：TK421.6[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]