基于视线关联的古代泉州山水人文空间格局识别与解析  

Identification and Analysis of the Pattern of Landscape and Humanity Space in Ancient Quanzhou City Based on Line-of-Sight Correlation

作　　者：刘淑虎 黄静馨 黄龙英 王文奎 LIU Shuhu;HUANG Jingxin;HUANG Longying;WANG Wenkui(School of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning,Fuzhou University;Fuzhou Urban and Rural Spatial Planning Industry Technology Innovation Center,Fuzhou University;Fujian University Engineeing Research Center for the Protection of Ancient Buildings,Fuzhou University)

机构地区：[1]福州大学建筑与城乡规划学院 [2]福州大学福州市城乡空间规划行业技术创新中心 [3]福州大学古建筑保护福建省高校工程研究中心

出　　处：《风景园林》2024年第6期115-124,共10页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“闽江流域传统村落空间设计智慧图解与当代应用研究”(编号51778145);福建省社科基金“保护与传承闽江流域人文精神的区域‘遗产空间网络’构建”(编号FJ2024B214);福建省社科基金“朱子学对韩国儒林人居文化影响及其意义研究”(编号FJ2021C035);福建省自然科学基金“基于GIS的福建传统村落空间形态演化机制及保护区划管控研究”(编号2022J01936)。

摘　　要：【目的】识别山水人文空间格局有助于格局发展策略的提出和识别技术体系的构建,是发掘中国传统城市营建智慧的重要前提。【方法】以“人文空间视线关联山水”的营建原则为方法构建基础,借助ArcGIS软件中创建要素、交点捕捉、核密度分析等工具,构建“历史建成环境复原及转译—视线提取—被视点捕捉—被视点密集区捕获—格局识别”的方法路径。【结果】古代泉州历经隋唐“倚恃清罗,独轴定址”—宋元“望山引序,七峰夹持”—明清“两横一纵,朝案昭彰”的格局演化历程,形成四轴所构的“牛”字形总体山水人文空间格局,具有在空间秩序上“双十率东,面紫立西”、在景致风物上“山城一体,层景立境”和在文化内涵上“景情交融,文蕴立域”的特征。【结论】泉州山水人文空间格局蕴含着空间秩序永续延展、景致风物层叠可得、自然人文互动互促的格局营建智慧;未来研究可在研究对象方面扩充山水城市案例,在研究方法方面进行智能化革新提升,在研究实践方面指导空间格局修复和发展策略制定,从而实现全面认知和保护历史城市山水人文空间格局的目标。[Objective]As an important prerequisite for exploring the wisdom of traditional construction,the identification of pattern of landscape and humanity space is conducive to the proposal of pattern development strategy and the construction of identification technology,and can help solve the problem that a large number of urban spatial patterns need to be identified and protected.[Methods]Following the space construction principle of“establishing line-ofsight correlation between humanity space and landscape”,this research constructs an identification approach for spatial pattern that includes five steps:“restoration and translation of historical built environment”,“extraction of line of sight”,“capture of viewed points”,“capture of densely viewed areas”and“identification of spatial pattern”,in order to open up a new perspective for the identification,protection and development of urban spatial patterns.Specifically,the“extraction of line of sight”means using the create features tool of ArcGIS to extract the orientation of humanity spaces and streets to simulate the line of sight;the“capture of viewed points”means using the Intersection Snapping Tool of ArcGIS to capture the intersection of the light of sight and the maximum value of the contour line to simulate the viewed point;the“capture of densely viewed areas”means using the kernel density analysis tool of ArcGIS to analyze the kernel density of viewed points and obtain densely viewed areas;the“identification of spatial pattern”means determining the cultural order within the city and identifying the pattern of landscape and humanity space by comparing the consistency between the densely viewed areas and visible mountain peaks at a macro scale,and analyzing the correlation between the orientation of highly consistent streets,humanity spaces and mountain peaks at the urban scale.[Results]The research results show that in Sui and Tang dynasties,when the ritual order dominated urban construction,the pattern of landscape and hum

关 键 词：风景园林 城市山水人文空间格局 识别方法 核密度分析 特征解析 古代泉州 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]