体外法研究酵母复合物对泌乳早期奶牛日粮降解特性和瘤胃发酵参数的影响  

In Vitro Study on The Effects of Yeast Complex on The Dietary Degradation Characteristics and Rumen Fermentation Parameters in Early Lactating Dairy Cows

作　　者：张炯奇 徐晓锋[1] 林涛 屠焰[2] 刁其玉[2] 毕研亮[2] ZHANG Jiongqi;XU Xiaofeng;LIN Tao;TU Yan;DIAO Qiyu;BI Yanliang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Ningxia University,Ningxia Yinchuan 750021,China;Institute of Feed Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Jiajianong Biotechnology Limited Company,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学动物科技学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,农业部饲料生物技术重点实验室,奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室,北京100081 [3]北京加佳农生物科技有限公司,北京102488

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第11期62-68,共7页Feed Industry

摘　　要：试验旨在利用体外法研究日粮中添加酵母复合物对泌乳早期奶牛日粮降解特性和瘤胃发酵参数的影响。试验采用单因素试验设计,分为3组,每组每个发酵时间点(6、12、24、30、48 h)3个重复。对照组为基础日粮,试验1、2组在基础日粮中添加1%酵母复合物,发酵12 h后试验2组再添加1%酵母复合物。结果显示:与对照组相比,试验1、2组发酵液中12~48 h各时间点的酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、粗蛋白(CP)和12 h干物质(DM)降解率以及12~30 h各时间点的氨态氮(NH3-N)浓度均显著提高(P<0.05);6、48 h乙丙比显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验2组发酵液中24 h乙酸、丙酸、戊酸、己酸、异丁酸和异戊酸浓度以及30、48 h DM降解率均显著提高(P<0.05)。说明在日粮中添加1%酵母复合物可有效提高泌乳早期奶牛日粮中DM、NDF、ADF和CP降解率及发酵液中NH3-N和挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)浓度,发酵12 h后再添加1%酵母复合物效果更好。This experiment aims to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with yeast complex on the dietary degradation characteristics and rumen fermentation in early lactating dairy cows using in vitro methods.Single-factor experimental design was used to divide into 3 groups,with 3 replicates for each fermentation time point(6,12,24,30,48 hours)per group.The control group was provided with basal diet.The experiment group 1 was added 1%yeast complex to the basal diet,fermented for 12 hours.The experiment group 2 was added 1%yeast complex.The results showed that the degradation rate of acid detergent fiber(ADF),neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and crude protein(CP)at each time point of 12 to 48 hours,the 12 hours dry matter(DM)degradation rate and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N)at various time points of 12 to 30 hours were increased significantly(P<0.05)in the two experimental groups,while the 6 and 48 hours acetate:propionate ratio was decreased significantly(P<0.05).The concentration of acetate,propionate,valerate,caproic,isobutyrate,and isovalerate at 24 hours,as well as the 30 and 48 hours DM degradation rate were increased significantly(P<0.05)in experimental group 2.In general,the in vitro study indicates that dietary supplementation with 1%yeast complex can improve the dietary degradation rate of DM,NDF,ADF,and CP in early lactating dairy cows,and the concentration of NH3-N and volatile fatty acids(VFA)in the fermentative broth.In addition,dietary supplementation with 1%yeast complex after fermentation for 12 hours has a better effect.

关 键 词：泌乳早期奶牛 酵母复合物 体外发酵 降解率 发酵参数 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]