博士生教育科类结构演进逻辑与规模预测——基于中美比较的视角  

Evolution Logic and Scale Prediction of Doctoral Education Subject Structure——From the Perspective of Comparison Between China and America

作　　者：尤欣雅 刘丽芳 YOU Xinya;LIU Lifang(Institute of Marxism,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan,430205,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学马克思主义学院,湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《高等理科教育》2024年第3期75-87,共13页Higher Education of Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金项目“新媒体时代高校思想政治理论教育改革与创新研究”(项目编号:18JD710083);湖北省教育厅委托课题“高校产学研规划研究”(项目编号:239305);湖北省教育科学规划小组课题“基于风险管理的学生贷款制度供给研究”(项目编号:003319)。

摘　　要：博士研究生教育是国民教育体系的“金字塔尖”,其学科结构是人才培养的重要载体,其培养规模事关国家创新驱动战略。新中国成立以来,我国博士毕业生规模持续上升,学科结构趋向多元化。博士生教育学科结构的调整遵循着多重逻辑,即政府逻辑、市场逻辑及学术逻辑。从2021—2030年预测结果来看,中美两国科类结构分布不均衡。据此本研究提出精确定位人才培养目标、依据产业结构战略性调整动向、强化学科体系调整与学科体制创新的联动机制等建议。Doctoral education is the"tip of the pyramid"of the national education system,its discipline structure is an important carrier of talent training,and its training scale is related to the national innovationdriven strategy.Since the founding of the People's Republic of China,the number of doctoral graduates in Chi na continues to rise,and the discipline structure tends to be diversified.The adjustment of doctoral education subject structure follows multiple logic,that is,government logic,market logic and academic logic.From the forecast results of 2021—2030,the distribution of science structure in China and the United States is unbal anced.Based on this,some suggestions are put forward,such as precisely positioning the goal of talent training,according to the trend of strategic adjustment of industrial structure,strengthening the linkage mechanism of subject system adjustment and subject system innovation.

关 键 词：博士研究生 科类结构 演进逻辑 规模预测 中美比较 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]