正火工艺对EA1N车轴组织与性能的影响  

Study on the influence of normalizing process on the structure and performance of EA1N axle

作　　者：余亚东 于文坛[1] 史娜 姚三成 刘学华[1] 邹强[1] YU Yadong;YU Wentan;SHI Na;YAO Sancheng;LIU Xuehua;ZOU Qiang(Technology Center,Ma'anshan Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.,Ma'anshan 243000,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司技术中心,安徽马鞍山243000

出　　处：《金属加工（热加工）》2024年第6期35-40,共6页MW Metal Forming

摘　　要：采用光学显微镜、力学性能测试,研究不同加热温度及保温时间对EA1N车轴钢正火态显微组织与力学性能的影响,且采用黑匣子(耐热温度记录仪)测试生产过程车轴温度变化,开展工艺优化后生产试验验证。结果表明:锻态EA1N车轴经正火后,显微组织细化,铁素体含量降低,而强度略微下降,塑性明显提高;正火在保温时间为60min,温度在830~890℃之间时,对EA1N车轴组织及性能的影响不大,晶粒度为8~9级,屈服强度和抗拉强度极差均<5MPa;选择在860℃正火,保温时间在0~120min之间时,对车轴的组织及性能的影响较小,均由细珠光体和铁素体组成,强度极差<8MPa;EA1N车轴热处理生产试验缩短正火保温时间甚至零保温后,各项性能指标均满足EN 13261:2020技术要求。Optical microscopes and mechanical property tests were used to study the effects of different heating temperatures and holding times on the normalized microstructure and mechanical properties of EA1N axle steel,and a black box(heat-resistant temperature recorder)was used to test the temperature changes of the axle during the production process to carry out the process production test verification after optimization.The results show that after normalizing,the microstructure of the forged EA1N axle is refined,the ferrite content is reduced,the strength is slightly reduced,and the plasticity is significantly improved;normalizing is performed when the holding time is 60 minutes and the temperature is between 830℃and 890℃,has little effect on the structure and performance of the EA1N axle,the grain size is 8~9,and the yield strength and tensile strength range are both less than 5MPa;when normalizing is selected at 860℃and the holding time is between 0~120min,It has little impact on the structure and performance of the axle,which is composed of fine pearlite and ferrite,and the strength difference is less than 8MPa;after the EA1N axle heat treatment production test shortened the normalizing and holding time or even zero holding,all performance indicators met EN 13261:2020 skills requirement.

关 键 词：EA1N车轴 正火 组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG142.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG156.4[金属学及工艺—金属材料]