高速铁路三维控制网粗差实时判别方法研究  

Research on Real-time Discriminating Method for the Gross Error in the 3D Control Network of High-speed Railway

作　　者：曹娟华[1] 秦航[1] 吴维军[2,3] CAO Juanhua;QIN Hang;WU Weijun(Jiangxi Technical College of Manufacturing,Nanchang 330095,China;Advanced Manufacturing College,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;Everbright Measurement and Control Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330029,China)

机构地区：[1]江西制造职业技术学院,南昌330095 [2]南昌大学先进制造学院,南昌330031 [3]江西日月明测控科技股份有限公司,南昌330029

出　　处：《铁道勘察》2024年第3期15-20,27,共7页Railway Investigation and Surveying

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52068052);江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ2207507)。

摘　　要：高速铁路三维控制网外业观测易受不利环境因素影响,难免存在测量粗差,为了尽早识别测量粗差,提高外业数据质量及后续平差结果的精度,需进行三维控制网粗差实时判别方法的研究。根据三维控制网网形及其特点,详细分析三维控制网闭合环的类型,采用三维控制网(Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类)22种闭合环进行闭合差计算;同时,基于协方差传播定律构建闭合环校核边中误差的数学模型,以2倍闭合环相对中误差为限差,判别三维控制网外业数据质量。研究表明,三维控制网网形具有较强的规律性和对称性,在完成归整后,可使用1/7000,1/13000和1/23000为对应闭合环的极限误差进行粗差判别。研究结果表明,在三维控制网外业数据观测过程中,采用该方法能够实时判别并发现测量粗差,有利于以最小代价进行现场补测,从而提高三维控制网数据可靠性和数据质量。The field observation of the 3D control network of the high-speed railway is affected by adverse environmental factors,which inevitably leads to measurement gross errors.In order to identify measurement errors earlier,timely supplement measurement,the real-time discrimination method for gross errors in the 3D control network was proposed to improve data quality and the accuracy of the 3D adjustment results.According to types and characteristics of control network,a detailed analysis was conducted on the types of closed loops,and a closed loop closure error of ClassⅠ,Ⅱ,andⅢwas calculated.A closed loop closure error verification model was derived based on the law of covariance propagation,and the two times relative mean square error was used as the criterion for determining the quality of the data.The results show that,there are a strong regularity and symmetry in the shape of 3D control network.After rounding,it is recommended to use 1/7000,1/13000,and 1/23000 as the limit errors for their corresponding closed loops.The method can distinguish and detect measurement errors in real-time during the field data observation process of the 3D control network,which is beneficial for on-site supplementary measurement at the minimum cost,thereby improving the data reliability and quality of the 3D control network.

关 键 词：高速铁路 三维控制网 粗差判别 协方差 闭合差 

分 类 号：U238[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U216.3