盆栽柠檬微生物菌剂-化肥互作效应研究  

Study on the interaction effect of microbial inoculant and chemical fertilizer on potted lemon

作　　者：闫素云 周先艳[1] 王自然[1] 杜玉霞[1] 李晶[1] 钟文彬 付小猛[1] 岳建强[1] YAN Suyun;ZHOU Xianyan;WANG Ziran;DU Yuxia;LI Jing;ZHONG Wenbin;FU Xiaomeng;YUE Jianqiang(Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ruili,Yunnan,678600,China;Plant Resource Research Institute,Yunnan University,Kunming,Yunnan,650504,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所,云南瑞丽678600 [2]云南大学资源植物研究院,昆明650504

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第3期73-79,共7页South China Fruits

基　　金：国家现代农业(柑桔)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-26);云南省重大科技专项计划(202102AE090054,202102AE090020);云南省科技人才与平台计划(202105AD160049);国家科技部国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1100406)资助。

摘　　要：研究等量化肥条件下配施不同微生物菌剂对柠檬苗树体生长、土壤矿质、酶活性的影响,为柠檬的绿色高效种植提供技术支撑。以“云柠1号”为试验材料,在云南瑞丽进行了1年的盆栽试验。设置丛枝菌根-化肥、拜赖青霉-化肥、枯草芽孢杆菌-化肥、酵母菌-化肥处理,每种微生物菌剂均设置4个浓度梯度,以单施化肥(柠檬专用复合肥)作为对照。在12次施肥结束后,测量植株地上部分生物量和取土样分析土壤理化指标和酶活性。与单施化肥的处理相比较,微生物菌能够提高肥料利用率,调节土壤酶活性,进而提高并较好地保持柠檬植株生长。综合效果来看,拜赖青霉-化肥的效果最佳,各浓度处理均显著提高了土壤有机质、有效磷、碱解氮、速效钾、有效铁、有效锰、有效锌含量以及脲酶和中性磷酸酶活性。其中,拜赖青霉菌剂41.7 mL/株+化肥20 g/株还显著提高了植株叶绿素含量,拜赖青霉菌剂62.5 mL/株+化肥20 g/株处理还显著提高了植株叶绿素含量、土壤有效铜和交换性镁含量,拜赖青霉菌剂83.3 mL/株+化肥20 g/株处理还显著提高了土壤交换性镁含量,拜赖青霉菌剂125.0 mL/株+化肥20 g/株处理还显著提高了土壤有效铜和交换性镁含量。该研究结果可为合理利用微生物菌配施化肥来提高柠檬植株生长和改善土壤养分提供理论依据。Effects of four different concentrations of microbial agents on the growth of lemon seedlings,soil mineral and enzyme activities under the condition of equal amount of chemical fertilizer application were studied to provide technical support for green and efficient production of lemon.Yunning No.1 was used as test material,and the pot experiment was carried out in Ruili,Yunnan Province for one year.Four treatments including arbuscular mycorrhizae-fertilizer,penicillium baileyi-fertilizer,bacillus subtilis-fertilizer,yeast-fertilizer in four concentration gradients were set for the experiment with single application of chemical fertilizer as control.After 12 times fertilization,the aboveground biomass of plants was measured and soil samples were taken for analysis of soil physical and chemical properties and enzyme activities.Compared with control,microbial bacteria can improve the utilization rate of fertilizers,regulate the activity of soil enzymes,therefor,improve and better maintain the growth of lemon plants.In terms of comprehensive effect,the combination of Penicillium baileyi and chemical fertilizer had the best effect.Among which,under the treatment of B-T2(62.5 mL/plant+20 g/plant chemical fertilizer),seven indexes including plant height,tree crown width in north-south direction,chlorophyll content,Zn,Ca,Mg content in soil,and soil urease activity were significantly increased.Under the treatment of B-T3(83.3 mL/plant+20 g/plant chemical fertilizer),five indexes of plant stem diameter,crown width,bearing branch and leaf area,and the contents of Fe and Mn in soil were significantly increased.Under the treatment of B-T4(125 mL/plant+20 g/plant chemical fertilizer),the area of vegetative branches and leaves was increased,and the contents of soil organic matter,N,P,K,Cu,and the activity of neutral phosphatase were also increased.Compared with single application of chemical fertilizer,combined application of chemical fertilizer with Penicillium baileyi can increase the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer a

关 键 词：柠檬 微生物菌剂 化肥 生长状况 土壤养分 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]