基于遥感与GIS技术的山西省生态脆弱性演变分析  

Analysis on Evolution of Ecological Vulnerability of Shanxi Province based on the Remote Sensing and GIS Technique

作　　者：张慧琳 王卫国 王建 赵晓囧 薄一览 侯艳军[1] ZHANG Huilin;WANG Weiguo;WANG Jian;ZHAO Xiaojiong;HOU Yanjun;BO Yilan(Department of Geography,Xinzhou Teachers University,Xinzhou 034000,China;College of Geographical Sciences,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan 030031,China;Academician Workstation for Resource and Environmental Information Management,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan 030031,China;Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Gansu Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]忻州师范学院地理系,山西忻州034000 [2]山西师范大学地理科学学院,山西太原030031 [3]山西师范大学资源环境信息化管理院士工作站,山西太原030031 [4]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃兰州730000 [5]甘肃省生态环境科学设计研究院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《遥感技术与应用》2024年第2期478-491,共14页Remote Sensing Technology and Application

基　　金：山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2020L0548);忻州师范学院科研基金资助项目(CCYJ202106)。

摘　　要：山西省是中国最重要的生态脆弱区之一,科学评估生态脆弱性及其驱动因子是制定生态保护政策和改善生态环境的重要依据。然而,以往对于山西省生态脆弱性的研究往往基于行政单元,以栅格尺度对山西省生态脆弱性分异特征及驱动因子的工作鲜有开展。基于遥感与GIS技术,利用生态敏感性—生态恢复力—生态压力度模型,结合空间主成分分析法和地理加权回归模型研究山西省2000~2019年生态脆弱性的演变特征及其驱动因子。结果表明:山西省多年生态脆弱性以中度生态脆弱性为主,中部盆地和晋西黄土高原的生态脆弱性极差,“多字形”山脉等地生态脆弱性较好。从不同土地利用的生态脆弱性分布来看,草地、水域、耕地以中度生态脆弱性占主导,林地以轻度生态脆弱性为主,建设用地和未利用地则以重度生态脆弱区为主。整体来看,山西省多年生态脆弱性重心向南迁移。各因子对生态脆弱性的影响从大到小依次为:人口密度>GDP>生物丰度>植被覆盖度SHDI>坡向。根据生态脆弱性分布及变化特征,将山西省划分为生态核心保护区、生态综合监测区、生态优化关注区、生态恢复治理区、生态潜在治理区,并对生态脆弱性的优化提出相应策略。Shanxi Province is one of the most important ecologically fragile areas in China.Scientific assessment of ecological vulnerability and its driving forces is an important basis for formulating ecological protection and improving ecological environment.However,previous studies on ecological vulnerability in Shanxi Province were often based on administrative boundaries,and there was nearly no grid scale to study the different charac⁃teristics and driving forces of ecological vulnerability of Shanxi Province.In this paper,remote sensing and GIS technique were used to evaluate the different characteristics and driving forces of ecological vulnerability in Shanxi Province from 2000 to 2019,combined with PSR model,Spatial Principal Component Analysis method and Geographically Weighted Regression method.The results show that the main ecological vulnerability of Shanxi Province is moderate,the ecological vulnerability of the central basin and the western loess Plateau of Shanxi is very poor,and the ecological vulnerability of the"Duo-shape"mountains is better.Considering the dis⁃tribution of ecological vulnerability of different land cover,grassland,water area and cultivated land are domi⁃nated by moderate ecological vulnerability,forest land is mainly covered by mild ecological vulnerability,and construction land and unused land are most influenced by severe ecological vulnerability.The overall migration of ecological vulnerability gravity center is going to the south.The order of influencing factors on ecological vul⁃nerability are population density>GDP>biodiversity abundance>NDVI>SHDI>aspect,respectively.Ac⁃cording to the distribution and change characteristics of ecological vulnerability,Shanxi Province is divided into Core areas of ecological protection,ecological comprehensive concern areas,ecological optimal-concern areas,ecological restoration management areas,and ecological potential management areas,and the corresponding strategies are optimized for protection ecological vulnerability.

关 键 词：遥感与GIS技术 生态脆弱性 山西省 主成分分析 地理加权回归 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]