从历史和现实的双向角度看茶史与茶业研究  

A Dual Perspective on the Study of Tea History and Tea Industry:From Historical and Contemporary Standpoints

作　　者：仲伟民[1] ZHONG Weimin(Department of History,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学历史系,北京100084

出　　处：《吉首大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第2期26-34,共9页Journal of Jishou University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：中国是产茶大国,更是具有悠久茶文化传统的国家。新航路开辟后,中国的茶叶开始向全世界传播,茶叶贸易不仅成为助推全球化的重要因素,而且使当时的头号强国英国成为全民饮茶国家,并形成了独特的英国茶文化。然而,繁荣的茶叶贸易并没有使中国走向强国之路,相反,中国却成为了列强的半殖民地。中国茶业从清末走向低迷,直至20世纪后期才开始恢复,但离茶业强国还差很远。通过对茶史进行深入研究,能找到中国茶业低迷不振的根源;对茶业现状的反思同样也能促使茶史研究的深入。因此,我们需要重视茶史、茶文化的研究,需要从历史与现实的双向角度来思考茶业振兴的问题。China,as a major tea-producing country,possesses a rich tradition of tea culture.Following the opening of new maritime routes,Chinese tea began to spread worldwide,transforming tea trade into a pivotal factor in globalization.This phenomenon led the foremost global power of the time,Britain,to adopt tea as a national beverage,giving rise to the distinctive British tea culture.However,the flourishing tea trade did not propel China towards becoming a dominant power;instead,it found itself subjugated as a semi-colonial entity by foreign powers.The Chinese tea industry experienced a decline from the late Qing dynasty until the late 20th century,only beginning to recover thereafter,but still falling short of achieving dominance in the global tea industry.A comprehensive study of tea history can unveil the roots of China's sluggish tea industry,while a reflection on the current state of the tea industry can stimulate further exploration into tea history.Therefore,it is imperative to give due attention to the study of tea history and culture,approaching the issue of revitalizing the tea industry from both historical and contemporary perspectives.

关 键 词：茶史 茶业 经济史研究 全球化 民族主义 

分 类 号：TS971[轻工技术与工程]