强还原处理和施用有机肥对设施蔬菜地土壤微生物群落稳定性的影响  

Effects of reductive soil disinfestation and organic fertilizer application on microbial community stability in a facility vegetable soil

作　　者：尹春江 刘茂兰 钟羡芳[1] 司友涛[1,2] 马红亮[1,2] 高人[1,2] 尹云锋[1,2] YIN Chunjiang;LIU Maolan;ZHONG Xianfang;SI Youtao;MA Hongliang;GAO Ren;YIN Yunfeng(Institute of Geography,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理研究所,福州350117 [2]福建师范大学福建省植物生理生态重点实验室,福州350117

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2024年第5期1293-1300,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2021J01143);福建省公益类科研院所专项(2022R1002001);国家自然科学基金项目(31770659)资助。

摘　　要：强还原土壤灭菌(RSD)方法是修复退化设施蔬菜地土壤的有效措施,但以绿肥为碳源的RSD方法田间应用是否有效还未明确。本研究以退化设施蔬菜地土壤为对象,设置6个处理:未施肥对照(CK)、未施肥+淹水覆膜(FF)、施用鸡粪有机肥(OM)、施用鸡粪有机肥+淹水覆膜(OMR)、田菁绿肥还田(TF)和田菁绿肥还田+淹水覆膜(TR),研究强还原处理和施用有机肥对土壤微生物群落组成、多样性和稳定性的影响。结果表明:与CK相比,OMR和TR处理显著降低了细菌Chao1指数,改变了细菌和真菌的群落结构,同时显著提高了芽孢杆菌、红球菌、梭状芽孢杆菌和青霉菌的相对丰度;TR处理显著降低了尖孢镰刀菌的相对丰度。冗余分析和曼特尔检验发现,土壤铵态氮和可溶性有机碳含量是影响细菌群落变化的关键因子,而土壤pH是影响真菌群落变化的关键因子。内聚力分析表明,OMR和TR处理显著提高了细菌群落稳定性,但2个处理之间的差异不显著;TR处理也显著提高了真菌群落稳定性,且显著高于OMR处理。可见,以绿肥为碳源的RSD是改善土壤健康的有效修复措施。Reductive soil disinfestation(RSD)is an effective method for remediating degraded facility vegetable soils.However,the effectiveness of RSD using green manure as a carbon source in the field has not yet been clarified.We investigated the effects of RSD and organic fertilizer application on soil microbial community composition,diversity,and stability in a degraded facility vegetable soil.There were six treatments,including no fertilization(CK),no fertilization and soil flooded and mulched with plastic film(FF),soil amended with chicken manure(OM),soil amended with chicken manure and flooded and mulched with plastic film(OMR),soil amended with Sesbania cannabina(TF),and soil amended with S.cannabina and flooded and mulched with plastic film(TR).The results showed that the OMR and TR treatments significantly decreased bacterial Chao1 index,altered bacterial and fungal community structure,and increased the relative abundances of Bacillus,Rhodococcus,Clostridium,and Penicillium.The TR treatment significantly reduced the relative abundance of Fusarium.Results of redundancy analysis and Mantel test analysis suggested that soil ammonium nitrogen and dissolved organic carbon contents were the key factors influencing bacterial community composition,and soil pH was the key factor affecting fungal community composition.Results of cohesion analysis showed that the OMR and TR treatments significantly improved bacterial community stability,and that there was no difference between OMR and TR treatments.The TR treatment enhanced fungal community stability,which was significantly higher than the OMR treatment.Therefore,the RSD with green manure as carbon source could be effective remediation practice to improve soil health.

关 键 词：强还原土壤灭菌 绿肥 设施蔬菜 微生物多样性 内聚力 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S626[农业科学—农业基础科学]