18世纪中期中俄关于黑龙江通航及阿睦尔撒纳等逃人问题的交涉——以勃拉季谢夫使团来华为主线  

Negotiations between China and Russia over Navigation on the Amur River and the Return of Dzungar Fugitives in the Mid-eighteenth Century:The Bratischev Mission to China

作　　者：叶柏川[1] 师佳琪 YE Baichuan;SHI Jiaqi(The Insitute of Qing History,Renmin University of China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学清史研究所,北京100872

出　　处：《清史研究》2024年第3期107-120,共14页The Qing History Journal

摘　　要：18世纪上半叶,俄国政府多次组织对西伯利亚东北和北太平洋地区的考察,对黑龙江的兴趣与日俱增,遂于1756—1757年派勃拉季谢夫使团来华交涉通航问题。勃拉季谢夫使团来华,正值清朝平准战争的关键节点,准部首领阿睦尔撒纳及汗哈屯乌梁海诸宰桑逃入俄国。清廷对逃亡首领势在必得,俄国则一再收纳逃人,导致中俄关系出现激烈动荡,使团最终未能达成使命。此次通航与逃人问题的碰撞,为后续的一系列问题埋下伏笔。In the first half of the eighteenth century,the Russian government organized several expeditions to explore northeastern Siberia and the North Pacific coast,leading to increasing interest in the Amur River.Thus,Russian government dispatched the Bratischev Mission to China to negotiate navigation issues in 1756-1757.The arrival of the Bratischev Mission coincided with a critical juncture in the Qing Dynasty's campaign against the Dzungars,during which key leaders such as Amursana and some Hankatun Wulianghai Jaisang fled to Russia.The Qing court determined to obtain the return of these fugitive leaders,while Russia repeatedly harbored them,causing intense turbulence in Sino-Russian relations and ultimately preventing the Bratischev mission from achieving its objectives.The collision between navigation and fugitive issues during this period marked a new peak in Sino-Russian relations and laid the groundwork for a series of subsequent problems.

关 键 词：清代 中俄关系 黑龙江 通航 阿睦尔撒纳 

分 类 号：K249.305[历史地理—历史学]