结构主义视阈下认罪认罚案件抗诉机制研究  

Research on the Protest Mechanism in the Cases of Pleading Guilty and Accept Punishment from the Perspective of Structuralism

作　　者：王刚 Wang Gang

机构地区：[1]南京审计大学法学院/纪检监察学院

出　　处：《比较法研究》2024年第3期166-179,共14页Journal of Comparative Law

基　　金：2023年度最高人民检察院检察理论研究课题“认罪认罚案件抗诉制度研究”(项目编号:GJ2023D04)的研究成果。

摘　　要：认罪认罚从宽制度引发我国刑事诉讼结构的重构,形塑了“双向复合型”诉讼结构。该制度实施中的主要争议问题,都可以在这种诉讼结构中得以复盘和解释。当前认罪认罚从宽制度实施中的重大疑难问题是控辩审三方对量刑建议的不同抉择及其引发的冲突。检察机关倾向于以抗诉来应对,由此会对辩审两方利益产生重要影响,认罪认罚案件的抗诉理论和抗诉标准成为聚焦前述问题的核心论题。在现行立法框架下,应以结构主义方法论为指导,全面、辩证地审视认罪认罚从宽制度中控辩审三方的相互关系和利益诉求,构建符合双向复合型诉讼结构的抗诉理论,确立被告人全面上诉、检察机关有限抗诉、法院客观审理的理念,类型化地探讨检察机关的抗诉标准。长远之策是修改我国刑事诉讼法中抗诉和二审的相关条文,明确认罪认罚案件上诉权、抗诉权和二审裁判权的行使问题,为解决因量刑建议产生的控辩冲突、控审冲突和辩审冲突提供法律依据。The implementation of the System for Imposing Lenient Punishment on Those Pleading Guilty and Accepting Punishment has led to a reshaping of China's criminal litigation framework,giving rise to a"two-way composite"litigation structure.Within this structure,The main controversial issues surrounding the implementation of this system can be reviewed and explained.At present,a major chal-lenge in implementing this system lies in the divergent sentencing recommendations made by the pros-ecution,defense,and trial parties,leading to ensuing conflicts.Procuratorial bodies often respond with protests,impacting the interests of both defense and trial parties significantly.The theory and criteria governing protests in cases of involving confession and punishment have emerged as pivotal focal points for addressing these challenges.Within the existing legislative context,a structuralist approach is essen-tial for a comprehensive and nuanced analysis of interests and interplay of the prosecution,defense,and trial parties within the System It is imperative to develop a protest theory that aligns with the two-way composite litigation structure,emphasizing the concept of comprehensive appeal by the defendant,limit-ed protest by procuratorial bodies,and impartial adjudication by the court.Exploring typological protest standards for procuratorial bodies is crucial.A long-term strategy involves revising pertinent provisions on protests and appeals in the Criminal Procedure Law,clarifying the exercise of the right to appeals,protests,and the second instance judgments in cases involving confessions and punishments,and estab-lishing a legal framework to resolve conflicts arising from sentence recommendations between the prose-cution and defense,prosecution and trial,defense and trial parties.

关 键 词：诉讼结构 控辩冲突 控审冲突 抗诉理论 抗诉标准 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]