芽孢杆菌属解磷菌对天鹅湖瀉湖不同类型沉积物的解磷能力  

Study on the ability of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria Bacillus sp. to solubilize phosphatein different types of sediments of Swan Lagoon

作　　者：谢嘉慧 姜晓静 马凯 高丽[1] XIE Jiahui;JIANG Xiaojing;MA Kai;GAO Li(Ocean School,Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学海洋学院,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2024年第3期348-358,367,共12页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2021MD109,ZR2018MD018)。

摘　　要：磷是海洋浮游植物生长所必需的营养元素,而过量的磷负荷会导致水体富营养化。解磷菌是影响磷再生的一个重要因素,在水体磷的生物地球化学循环中发挥着关键作用。为了研究无机解磷菌(IPB)对天鹅湖瀉湖不同湖区沉积物的解磷能力,本研究以前期从湖中心沉积物中筛选的两株芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus sp.)解磷菌及4个湖区的表层沉积物为试验材料,通过室内模拟试验分析了不同解磷菌接种条件下水体pH、DO、总磷(TP)、可溶性磷(SRP)等参数的动态变化,探究了解磷菌对沉积物各形态无机磷转化的影响。结果表明,试验期间,上覆水体DO浓度及pH均呈不同程度的下降趋势,沉积物-水界面很快达到厌氧状态。解磷菌接种促进了天鹅湖沉积物中磷的释放,菌株及湖区的不同均对上覆水体TP浓度有显著影响。试验期间,接种处理的上覆水体SRP浓度变幅为0.009~0.666 mg/L;两种菌株对不同湖区沉积物的解磷能力存在明显差异,其中弯曲芽孢杆菌(Bacillus flexus)对西北部湖区沉积物的解磷能力最强,水体中SRP浓度增幅为0.510mg/L;而巨大芽孢杆菌(Bacillus megaterium)对南部湖区砂质沉积物的解磷能力最强,增幅为0.583 mg/L。试验结束时,弯曲芽孢杆菌接种组沉积物中NaOH-P含量均有所下降,降幅为2.49~30.36 mg/kg,其中西北部湖区降幅最大;南部湖区的BD-P含量在不同接种条件下均有所下降,且巨大芽孢杆菌组降幅大于弯曲芽孢杆菌组;其余磷形态的含量变化不明显。研究表明,天鹅湖不同湖区沉积物中无机磷含量差异较大,颗粒较细的湖中心和西北部含量较高。在IPB接种条件下,瀉湖不同湖区沉积物磷的释放能力存在差异,其中西北部湖区沉积物受微生物活性影响最大,解磷菌对该湖区沉积物内源磷释放的贡献不容忽视。Phosphorus(P)is an essential nutrient element for the growth of phytoplankton.However,excessive P loading can cause water eutrophication.Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria is an important factor affecting P regeneration and play a key role in P biogeochemical cycle in waters.To explore the effect of inorganic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria(IPB)on P release from the sediments at different areas of Swan Lagoon,we conducted a simulation experiment using two dominant IPB strains(Bacillus sp.)isolated from the central lake and surface sediments from four lake areas. The dynamic changes in pH, DO, total phosphorus (TP), andsoluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentrations in the overlying water under different inoculations of IPBstrains were analyzed. In addition, the effect of IPB on the transform of P fractions in sediments wasdetermined. The results showed that the DO concentrations and pH in the overlying water decreased at differentdegrees, and the sediment-water interface quickly reached an anaerobic condition during the experiment. TheIPB inoculation promoted the release of P from the sediments of Swan Lagoon, and IPB strain and lake areaboth had significant effect on TP concentration of the overlying water. SRP concentrations in overlying waterunder different incubation treatments ranged from 0.009 to 0.666 mg/L. There was considerable difference inthe ability of two strains to solubilize phosphate in the sediments from different lake areas. The Bacillus flexushad the strongest phosphate-solubilizing ability under the treatment of the northwest lake, and the SRPconcentration in the overlying water increased by 0.510 mg/L. Bacillus megaterium had the strongestphosphate-solubilizing ability under the treatment of sandy sediment in the south lake, with a SRP increase of0.583 mg/L. At the end of the experiment, the NaOH-P content in sediments decreased in B. flexus inoculationgroup, ranged from 2.49 to 30.36 mg/kg, with the greatest decrease in the northwestern lake. BD-P content inthe southern lake decreased under di

关 键 词：无机解磷菌 磷释放 磷形态 瀉湖沉积物 荣成天鹅湖 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]