面向未来的科技伦理治理的认识论基础剖析  

An Analysis of the Epistemological Foundation for the Future-oriented Ethical Governance of Science and Technology

作　　者：王伯鲁[1] Wang Bolu

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学哲学院

出　　处：《哲学研究》2024年第4期83-91,126,共10页Philosophical Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(高校思政课研究专项)项目“马克思主义科技观的当代内涵及其教学应用研究”(编号20VSZ126)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在预防为主理念的主导下,面向未来的科技伦理治理日渐受到社会各界的重视。科技研发及其成果推广应用活动的专业性、风险性、长衍生链条及多重负效应等特点,使其本身成为一个复杂的认识对象,人们普遍面临着认识迟滞、预测未来困难、检验或评价预测标准不匹配等一系列认识论难题,导致当今的科技发展陷入科林里奇困境。针对这一系列具体问题的分析和讨论,有助于说明认识论难题的由来、正视预测未来的困难、修正和补充预测检验标准、澄清科技伦理治理实践中的“瞄准”机制、夯实科技伦理治理的认识基础等,进而改善和提升面向未来的科技伦理治理成效。Under the guiding principle of"prevention first,"the ethical governance of science and technology,with an orientation towards the future,is gaining increasing attention across various sectors of society.The intrinsic complexity of technological research and development,along with its application activities,all of which involve professional skills,risks,extensive chains of consequences,and multiple negative effects,presents huge epistemological challenges.Tough issues such as cognitive lag,prediction difficulty,as well as discrepancy on evaluation criteria contribute to the Collingridge's dilemma in current scientific development.Analyzing and discussing these foundational issues can help elucidate the origins of the aforesaid epistemological challenges,address the difficulties in predicting the future,refine and supplement prediction-evaluation criteria,as well as clarify the"targeting"mechanism in practices of the ethical governance of science and technology.In this way,we shall consolidate the epistemological foundation,therewith enhancing the effectiveness of such a future-oriented ethical governance.

关 键 词：科技伦理治理 认识论基础 预测未来 检验预测标准 “瞄准”机制 

分 类 号：B82-02[哲学宗教—伦理学]