架空导线压接对边距的图像测量方法  

Image measurement of edge distance of the crimped overhead wire

作　　者：关华深 张俊杰 屈盛官[2] 孙国富 邵徽图 Guan Huashen;Zhang Junjie;Qu Shengguan;Sun Guofu;Shao Huitu(Jiangmen Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Company Limited,Jiangmen 529000,China;School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China)

机构地区：[1]广东电网有限责任公司江门供电局,江门529000 [2]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广州510641

出　　处：《电子测量与仪器学报》2024年第3期236-244,共9页Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation

基　　金：南方电网公司科技项目(GDKJXM20220861)资助。

摘　　要：压接导线主要应用于架空线路建设,其对边距对线路安全运行及服役期限起到重要作用。针对传统人工测量存在的可靠性差、效率低的缺点,提出了一种基于图像处理的压接对边距测量方法。首先根据图像的累计灰度突变点自动裁剪被测区域并进行中值滤波,然后基于改进Otsu阈值法获得边缘连续的二值图像;再分别使用形态学处理和高斯曲线拟合法对边缘进行二次定位,得到亚像素级边缘点;最后采用基于随机抽样一致性(random sample consensus, RANSAC)的最小二乘拟合方法完成上下边缘点的曲线拟合,实现压接对边距的测量。通过模拟试验表明了RANSAC拟合经过10次迭代后测量算法的效果较好,测量误差小于0.1 pixels;而实际导线测量试验结果表明,改进Otsu算法对光照强度具有适应性,同时与人工测量相比,图像测量方法的最大相对偏差为1.82%,重复标准差提高60%,平均耗时仅为人工测量的1/10,能够实现压接对边距高效可靠的测量。Crimped conductor is primarily used in constructing overhead lines,and its edge distance is crucial for ensuring safe operation and a long service life of the line.To address the limitations of poor reliability and low efficiency in traditional manual measurement,a novel method based on image processing was proposed.Firstly,the measured area was automatically cropped based on the cumulative grayscale mutation points of the image and then median filtered.Subsequently,a binary image with continuous edges was obtained based on the improved Otsu thresholding method.Then,the edges were located twice using morphological processing and the Gaussian curve fitting method,respectively,and sub-pixel level edge points were obtained.Finally,the upper and lower edge points were fitted using the least-squares fitting method based on RANSAC to achieve the measurement of crimped edge distance.The simulation test confirmed that the measurement algorithm produces better results after 10 iterations of RANSAC fitting,with a measurement error of less than 0.1 pixels.The actual wire measurement test results demonstrated that the improved Otsu algorithm is adaptable to changes in light intensity.Furthermore,when compared to manual measurement,the image measurement method has a maximum relative deviation of only 1.82%,a 60%increase in repeatable standard deviation,and consumes only 1/10 of the time.The efficient and reliable measurement of crimping edge distance is realized.

关 键 词：导线压接 对边距 二值化 亚像素边缘 图像测量 

分 类 号：TP317.4[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]