Neurosurgical and pharmacological management of dystonia  

作　　者：Ali Ahmed Mohamed Steven Faragalla Asad Khan Garrett Flynn Gersham Rainone Phillip Mitchell Johansen Brandon Lucke-Wold 

机构地区：[1]Charles E Schmidt College of Medicine,Florida Atlantic University,Boca Raton,FL 33431,United States [2]Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair,University of South Florida,Tampa,FL 33606,United States [3]Department of Neurosurgery,University of Florida,Gainesville,FL 32611,United States

出　　处：《World Journal of Psychiatry》2024年第5期624-634,共11页世界精神病学杂志

摘　　要：Dystonia characterizes a group of neurological movement disorders characterized by abnormal muscle movements,often with repetitive or sustained contraction resulting in abnormal posturing.Different types of dystonia present based on the affected body regions and play a prominent role in determining the potential efficacy of a given intervention.For most patients afflicted with these disorders,an exact cause is rarely identified,so treatment mainly focuses on symptomatic alleviation.Pharmacological agents,such as oral anticholinergic administration and botulinum toxin injection,play a major role in the initial treatment of patients.In more severe and/or refractory cases,focal areas for neurosurgical intervention are identified and targeted to improve quality of life.Deep brain stimulation(DBS)targets these anatomical locations to minimize dystonia symptoms.Surgical ablation procedures and peripheral denervation surgeries also offer potential treatment to patients who do not respond to DBS.These management options grant providers and patients the ability to weigh the benefits and risks for each individual patient profile.This review article explores these pharmacological and neurosurgical management modalities for dystonia,providing a comprehensive assessment of each of their benefits and shortcomings.

关 键 词：Botulinum toxin Magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound Surgical ablation Deep brain stimulation Peripheral denervation surgery ANTIPSYCHOTICS 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]