视差辩证法视域下的资本主义政治经济学批判  

Critique of Capitalist Political Economy from the Perspective of Parallax Dialectics

作　　者：史凤阁 Shi Fengge

机构地区：[1]天津大学马克思主义学院,300354

出　　处：《世界社会科学》2024年第2期67-81,243,244,共17页SOCIAL SCIENCES INTERNATIONAL

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“当前主要社会思潮的最新发展动态及其批判研究”(16ZDA101)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“视差”是齐泽克进行资本主义经济学批判的重要理论工具。这一概念最早由日本学者柄谷行人提出,用来分析康德哲学及马克思的政治经济学批判思想。受此启发,齐泽克引入“视差”概念并进行了拉康化的解读,将其从主体视角的认识论差异推进到客体层面的存有论差异,建构了以最小差异为基础的视差辩证法。在全球资本主义体系深度发展的背景下,齐泽克以视差辩证法为工具,深刻批判分析当代资本主义经济体系及其蕴含的深刻矛盾,阐释了“真实”经济与现实经济、经济去政治化与政治优先性、非物质劳动与物质劳动之间的视差分裂,这三种视差分裂揭示了经济自身的不完满性、经济去政治化背后隐匿的政治之维以及无产阶级劳动在当代的内在分化。齐泽克基于视差辩证法对当代资本主义政治经济学的批判,为我们深化当代资本主义研究提供了新的理论视角,同时也为当代左翼在全球资本主义体系下重塑解放政治提供了某种可能的路径。"Parallax"is an important theoretical tool used by Slavoj Zizek in his critique of capitalist economics.This concept was initially proposed by the Japanese scholar Kojin Karatani to analyze the critical thoughts of Kantian philosophy and Marx's critique of political economy.Inspired by this,Zizek introduced the concept of"parallax"and offered a Lacanian interpretation,shifting it from epistemological differences at the level of the subject to ontological differences at the level of the object,thereby constructing a parallax dialectics based on the minimal difference.Against the backdrop of the deepening global capitalist system,Zizek uses parallax dialectics as a tool to critically analyze the contemporary capitalist economic system and its inherent contradictions.He explains the parallax split between the"Real"economy and the actual economy,the de-politicization of the economy versus political primacy,and the split between immaterial labor and material labor.These three types of parallax splits reveal the imperfection of the economy itself,the concealed political dimension behind the de-politicization of the economy,and the internal division of the proletariat's labor in contemporary society.Zizek's use of parallax dialectics to the critique of contemporary capitalist political economy provides a new theoretical perspective for deepening the study of contemporary capitalism and offers a possible path for the contemporary Left to reshape emancipatory politics within the global capitalist system.

关 键 词：齐泽克 视差辩证法 存有论差异 政治经济学批判 

分 类 号：B507[哲学宗教—外国哲学]