中国创新模式选择:自主创新抑或技术引进?  

China's Innovation Mode Choice:Independent Innovation or Technology Introduction?

作　　者：谭用 邱斌[2] 叶迪 綦建红[3] TAN Yong;QIU Bin;YE Di;QI Jianhong(School of International Economics and Business,Nanjing University of Finance&Economics;School of Economics and Management,Southeast University;School of Economics,Shandong University)

机构地区：[1]南京财经大学国际经贸学院,210023 [2]东南大学经济管理学院,210096 [3]山东大学经济学院,250100

出　　处：《经济研究》2024年第4期113-132,共20页Economic Research Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(72192842);国家自然科学基金面上项目(72373062)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文旨在探讨中国企业的创新模式选择,以及不同创新模式影响企业生产率和销售绩效的供给侧与需求侧机制。本文采用全国创新调查企业数据库,在展现不同创新模式异质性影响的典型事实基础上,将创新模式融入异质性企业贸易模型,进一步采用结构式估计和反事实研究,讨论企业创新模式选择所带来的生产率和国内外销售额变化。结果发现,创新将通过供给侧与需求侧机制共同影响企业生产率与国内外销售绩效,而不同创新模式的影响渠道存在显著的异质性:相比于引进国外技术,自主创新对生产率的促进作用更加明显;相比于自主创新,直接引进国外技术将在出口市场产生更大的信号效应;提高中国专利的国际认可度将有效促进企业自主创新意愿,并增加出口总量;畅通国内大循环,降低国内贸易成本,可有效抵消“卡脖子”问题对中国企业创新绩效的负面影响。Innovation serves as the core of economic development,which shapes micro-firm-level competitiveness and macrocountry-level comparative advantages.Although a large body of literature examines the impact of innovation on firm performance through TFP improvement,the impact of innovation mode choices on firm performance has rarely been investigated.In this paper,we attempt to first analyze the impact of innovation mode choices on firm performance,and then disentangle the demand and supply channels through which different innovation modes affect firm performance.Supply channel refers to the facilitating effect of innovation on firm performance by improving firm TFP;demand channel refers to the signaling effect of innovation,which increases firms'demand in a market and hence improves firm performance.The clarification of the heterogeneous channels through which different innovation modes affect firms'export profits is not only the focus of research interest,but also holds practical significance.We start this paper by establishing a series of stylized facts to highlight the signaling effect(demand channel)of introducing foreign technology;and the productivity improvement channel(supply channel)of independent innovation.In particular,we first present stylized facts to show the correlation between firms'innovation mode choices and export performance,and find a positive correlation between firm exports and introducing foreign technology.We exclude the possibility that exports encourage firms'foreign technology introduction by elucidating phenomena such as the negative correlation between firms'foreign technology introduction and the duration of their engagement in export activities,as well as highlighting the greater motivation of domestic enterprises vis-a-vis foreign-invested counterparts to introduce foreign technology.Second,we highlight the signaling effect of introducing foreign technology through showing an additional export enhancement effect of introducing foreign technology after controlling for the TFP improveme

关 键 词：创新模式选择 自主创新 国外技术引进 信号效应 结构式估计 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理] F279.2[经济管理—国民经济]