局限性硬皮病诊断技术研究进展  

Progress in the diagnostic techniques for localized scleroderma

作　　者：曾松录 黄久佐[1] 龙笑[1] ZENG Songlu;HUANG Jiuzuo;LONG Xiao(Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医院,北京100730

出　　处：《皮肤性病诊疗学杂志》2024年第5期334-339,共6页Journal of Diagnosis and Therapy on Dermato-venereology

基　　金：中央高水平医院临床科研基金(2022-PUMCH-A-210;2022-PUMCH-C-025)。

摘　　要：局限性硬皮病(LS)是一种主要影响皮肤、皮下脂肪和深层组织的自身免疫性疾病,可能导致严重的功能障碍和外观受损。及时准确的诊断对于患者的治疗和管理至关重要,但目前LS在诊断方面尚存在困难。本文综述了LS诊断领域的最新进展,包括高频超声、磁共振成像、光学相干断层扫描及分子和基因检测等。这些技术提高了诊断的精确性和即时性。高频超声能够精确评估皮肤病变;磁共振成像有助于深层组织受累的评估;光学相干断层扫描和皮肤镜揭示皮肤微小结构变化;分子和基因检测为理解疾病机制及个体化治疗提供新视角。尽管新技术的应用受到成本和设备普及度的限制,但其在改善诊断流程、提供个性化治疗方面有着显著的潜力。未来研究需要进一步探讨这些技术与传统方法的整合及其在LS不同亚型和疾病阶段中的应用。Localized scleroderma(LS)is an autoimmune disease primarily affecting the skin,subcutaneous fat,and deep tissues,potentially leading to significant functional impairment and aesthetic damage.Timely and accurate diagnosis are crucial for the treatment and management of patients.Yet,challenges persist in its diagnosis.This review explores the latest advancements in the diagnosis of LS,including high-frequency ultrasound,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),optical coherence tomography(OCT),and molecular and genetic testing.These technologies have enhanced the precision and immediacy of diagnosis.High-frequency ultrasound allows the precise assessment of skin lesions,while MRI aids in evaluation of deep tissue involvement.OCT and dermoscopy reveal minor structural changes in the skin,and molecular and genetic testing offer new perspectives on understanding the disease mechanisms and individualized treatment.Despite limitations due to cost and availability of technology,these advancements hold significant potential in improving diagnostic protocols and providing personalized treatment plans.Future research should further explore the integration of these technologies with traditional methods and their application across different subtypes and stages of the disease.

关 键 词：局限性硬皮病 高频超声 磁共振成像 光学相干断层扫描 分子和基因检测 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]