情境目标和Ad hoc关联影响言语产生的语义效应  

Roles of Situational Goal and Ad hoc Association on Semantic Effect in Picture-Word Interference Paradigm

作　　者：方燕红 尹观海 张积家 FANG Yanhong;YIN Guanhai;ZHANG Jijia

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学教育学部,桂林541000

出　　处：《华南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期94-105,206,207,共14页Journal of South China Normal University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“言语产生中词汇选择的认知与神经机制研究”(61962028);江西省社会科学规划项目“藏语对藏族学生认知加工汉字词的影响及学习策略研究”(21JY22);江西省教育科学规划项目“藏族大学生汉字词的认知加工特点与教学策略研究”(21ZD051)。

摘　　要：干扰词与目标词之间的语义关联性是影响言语产生中语义效应性质的关键因素。相比其他语义关联类型,Ad hoc关联是一种较为特殊的概念联系类型。考察情境目标和Ad hoc关联对语义效应的影响,结果表明:与其他语义关联性相比,Ad hoc关联对语义效应的影响既有共性,又有差异。共性表现在:Ad hoc关联抑制图片命名,产生语义干扰效应,这种效应发生在图片命名早期(SOA从-200ms至0ms)。差异表现在:Ad hoc关联的语义干扰效应的产生要以情境目标提示为前提,有情境目标提示时,Ad hoc关联效应非常显著;无情境目标提示时,Ad hoc关联效应消失。不同语义关联类型产生不同语义效应的根源在于类别概念结点是否得到激活。It is a well-established finding that the semantic relations between the distractors and the targets have a great influence on the semantic effect during language production.The roles of situational goal and ad hoc association were explored in a picture-word interference paradigm.Results showed there were both similarity and difference between the roles of ad hoc relation and other semantic relations.Compared with unrelated distractor words,ad hoc associative distractor words slowed the latencies of picture naming and led to semantic interference effect.But the interference effect caused by ad hoc association was not stable and depended on whether there was situational goal.Ad hoc association effect was observed when the situational goal was available and disappeared when there was no situational goal.The results also showed that the ad hoc association effect appeared at the early stage of SO A.These findings were interpreted in terms of lexical cohort account,a representative model of lexical competition.Implications for nature of semantic effects in different semantic context were discussed.

关 键 词：情境目标 Ad hoc关联 图-词干扰范式 语义效应 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]