影响企业数字化转型的关键因素研究——基于多维指标的贡献度分析  

Study on the Key Factors Influencing Enterprise Digital Transformation:Contribution Analysis Based on Multidimensional Indicators

作　　者：邱洋冬 QIU Yang-dong(Economics Teaching and Research Department,Party School of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China,Guangzhou 510053,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中共广东省委党校经济学教研部,广东广州510053

出　　处：《西部论坛》2024年第3期74-94,共21页West Forum

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学规划青年项目(GD24YYJ08);广州市哲学社科规划共建项目(2023GZGJ24);广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2023A1515012447)。

摘　　要：基于27篇重要文献筛选出企业特征、治理特征、地区特征3个维度的18项变量,采用2007—2020年沪深A股上市公司数据识别影响企业数字化转型的关键因素,分析表明:总体上看,影响企业数字化转型最为关键的5个因素依次为企业规模、企业年龄、经济发展水平、数字基础设施、专利存量;企业特征维度的关键因素为企业规模、年龄和专利存量,治理特征维度的关键因素为董事会规模、股权集中度和拥有IT背景高管,地区特征维度的关键因素为经济发展水平和数字基础设施。不同类型企业数字化转型的关键影响因素存在异质性:数字化水平较低企业受企业年龄、市场化和经济发展水平的影响更大,数字化水平较高企业受专利存量的影响更大;非高新技术企业受数字基础设施的影响更大,高新技术企业受市场化水平和专利存量的影响更大;管理者目光长远企业受经济发展水平的影响更大,管理者短视主义企业受市场化水平的影响更大;国有企业受市场化和经济发展水平的影响更大,非国有企业受企业规模和年龄的影响更大;中心区企业受企业年龄的影响更大,非中心区企业受数字基础设施和专利存量的影响更大。因此,加快企业数字化转型的着力点应放在助推企业做大做强、支持中小及新建企业、推进数字基础设施建设、深化市场化改革、促进企业创新等方面。China's economy has transitioned from a high-speed growth phase to a high-quality development phase,and accelerating industrial transformation and improving quality and efficiency have become the top priorities for achieving high-quality economic development.Compared with the strategic requirements and practical exploration of accelerating the construction of a manufacturing power and a digital China,research on digital transformation in China is still relatively lagging behind.The current focus of academic research on digital transformation is still concentrated on its macro-and micro-economic effects.There is a basic consensus on the importance and necessity of enterprise digital transformation,but research on the impact mechanism and policy design of enterprise digital transformation is still relatively weak.This article first extracts the main factors that affect the digital transformation of enterprises based on relevant literature and theories.Then,based on the measurement method of contribution index,the relative importance of the influencing factors of enterprise digital transformation is measured to identify the key factors that determine the digital transformation of Chinese enterprises and their heterogeneity in digital foundation,region,ownership,industry,and executive characteristics.The research results show that the characteristics of enterprises represented by their size,age,and patent stock,as well as the regional environment represented by digital infrastructure and economic development,are the most critical internal and external factors determining the digital transformation of enterprises.The heterogeneity test results show that compared with companies with better digital foundations,the impact of age and marketization on the digital transformation of companies with poorer digital foundations are more critical;compared with enterprises in central areas,digital infrastructure has a more critical impact on the digital transformation of non-central enterprises;compared with non-state-owned enterp

关 键 词：数字化转型 贡献度 企业规模 数字基础设施 企业年龄 专利存量 地区经济水平 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]