基于刀齿轨迹模型的五轴侧铣加工铣削力预测  

Prediction of Milling Force in Five-Axis Flank Milling Based on Cutter Tooth Path Model

作　　者：桂昊 张立强[1] 杨青平 GUI Hao;ZHANG Liqiang;YANG Qingping(Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China;Chengdu Useful Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610511,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学,上海201620 [2]成都永峰科技有限公司,成都610511

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2024年第6期78-83,108,共7页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51775328)。

摘　　要：在五轴侧铣加工过程中刀具的刀轴姿态变化复杂,导致瞬时切屑厚度计算困难。为提高切削力的预测精度,首先通过五轴侧铣几何模型描述了圆柱铣刀的刀齿运动轨迹,在建立微元切削力模型后,提出了一种瞬时切屑厚度的计算方法,计算当前切削刃上切削点到前几个刀齿回转圆柱面的映射距离,并在齐次坐标变换下,将空间中的线面求交计算转换成二维平面的线与圆弧的求交运算,在考虑刀具跳动对圆弧轨迹的影响后,求解方程组获得瞬时切屑厚度值。最后在五轴机床上进行了切削力试验,对比测量的力数据发现,仿真结果无论趋势还是大小都和实测值较好地吻合,验证了所建立的切削力预测模型的有效性。In the five-axis flank milling process,it is difficult to calculate the instantaneous chip thickness due to the complex change of tool axis attitude.In order to improve the prediction accuracy of milling force,Firstly,the cutter tooth trajectory of cylindrical cutter is described by the geometric model of five axis flank milling.After establishing the micro element cutting force model,a calculation method of instantaneous cutting thickness is proposed,which is to calculate the mapping distance between the cutting point on the cutting edge and the rotary cylinder surface of the previous cutter teeth.Under the homogeneous coordinate transformation,the intersection calculation of line and plane in space is transformed into the intersection calculation of line and arc in two-dimensional plane.After considering the influence of tool runout on arc trajectory,the instantaneous chip thickness value is obtained by solving the equations.Finally,the milling force experiment was carried out on a five-axis machine tool.By comparing the measured force data,the simulation results are in good agreement with the measured values both in trend and size,which verifies the effectiveness of the established cutting force prediction model.

关 键 词：五轴侧铣 圆柱铣刀 瞬时切屑厚度 切削力预测 齐次坐标变换 

分 类 号：TG547[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]