儿童/青少年口呼吸与口腔微生态的研究进展  

Research Progress on Mouth Breathing and Oral Microecology in Children and Adolescents

作　　者：李孟如 王小琴 LI Mengru;WANG Xiaoqin(Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology,Taiyuan 030001,China;Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials,Taiyuan 030001,China;Department of Orthodontics,First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学口腔医学院,山西太原030001 [2]口腔疾病防治与新材料山西省重点实验室,山西太原030001 [3]山西医科大学第一医院口腔正畸科,山西太原030001

出　　处：《口腔医学研究》2024年第6期479-483,共5页Journal of Oral Science Research

基　　金：山西省科技厅基础研究计划(编号:202103021224246)。

摘　　要：口呼吸作为儿童/青少年生长发育期常见的问题,一直为正畸医师所关注。长时间持续慢性的口呼吸会引起儿童/青少年牙颌面部矢状向、横向和垂直向生长发育异常,还会出现肌功能的不良变化包括咬、颊、舌肌肌力下降等,严重者可诱发全身系统性疾病。随着2007年人类微生物组计划的启动,人们开始关注口腔微生物组改变同疾病发生发展间的相互关联。本文就儿童/青少年时期口呼吸、口腔微生态,及其相关性研究作一综述。Mouth breathing,as a common problem in the growth and development of children and adolescents,has always been concerned by orthodontists.Long-term continuous chronic mouth breathing can cause abnormal growth of adolescents in the sagittal,horizontal and vertical directions.There will also have adverse changes in muscle function,including bite,cheek,and tongue muscle strength decline.In severe cases,systemic diseases can be induced.The accompanying'adenoid and/or tonsil face'has attracted more and more attention from parents.With the launch of Human Microbiome Project in 2007,people began to pay attention to the correlation between oral microbiome changes and the occurrence and development of diseases.This article reviews the mouth breathing,oral microecology,and their correlation in children and adolescents.

关 键 词：儿童/青少年 口呼吸 口腔微生态 腺样体肥大 扁桃体肥大 

分 类 号：R78[医药卫生—口腔医学]