浅析明清医家论治近视学术思想  

Academic thoughts on the differentiation and treatment of myopia by physicians in the Ming and Qing dynasties

作　　者：吕喜月 商蕴波[2] 黄玉容 杨森 刘迎辉[1] LV Xiyue;SHANG Yunbo;HUANG Yurong;YANG Sen;LIU Yinghui(Changchun University of Chinese Medicine,Changchun 130117,China;Jilin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Changchun 130021,China)

机构地区：[1]长春中医药大学,长春130117 [2]吉林省中医药科学院,长春130021

出　　处：《吉林中医药》2024年第6期733-738,共6页Jilin Journal of Chinese Medicine

基　　金：吉林省卫生健康科技能力提升项目(2022LC051)。

摘　　要：近视已成为全球性公共健康问题。明清医家在继承前人学术思想的基础上,对近视的理论研究和治疗方法有了进一步的创新和发展。清代《目经大成》首次将近视作为独立病名论述。广大医家多从虚损的角度分析近视的病因病机,认为近视的发生主要与脏腑亏虚、气血不足、阴阳失调、劳瞻久视以及瞳神破损有关,尤其重视肾水肾火衰微对近视的影响。近视的治疗以内治疗法为主,具有古方新用、同名异方、审因施治的特点;外治法以针灸为主。明清时期是中医眼科学发展的繁荣时期,近视的诊疗体系已经基本形成,积极挖掘此时期辨治近视的学术思想,对现代防治近视具有积极意义。Myopia has become a global public health issue.On the basis of inheriting the academic ideas of their predecessors,the medical practitioners in the Ming and Qing dynasties further innovated and developed the theoretical research and treatment methods for the disease.In the Qing dynasty,myopia was firstly discussed as an independent disease in the Mujing Dacheng,a book about ophthalmopathy.The majority of doctors analyze the etiology and pathogenesis of myopia from the perspective of deficiency and damage,believing that the disease is mainly related to deficiency of zang-fu viscera,deficiency of qi and blood,yin and yang disharmony,strained eyes,and broken pupils,and especially attaching importance to the influence of deficient kidney edema and kidney fire on myopia.The treatment of myopia is mainly based on internal treatment methods,which is characterized by the novel use of ancient prescriptions,different prescriptions with the same name,and administering a treatment based on syndrome differentiation,while the external treatment methods mainly incorporate acupuncture and moxibustion.The Ming and Qing dynasties are a prosperous period for the development of ophthalmology in Chinese medicine,and the diagnosis and treatment system of myopia has been basically developed.Therefore,it is of positive significance for the modern prevention and treatment of myopia to actively excavate the academic thoughts on the treatment of myopia in this period.

关 键 词：明清医家 近视 学术思想 

分 类 号：R778.1[医药卫生—眼科]