当代生命科技的身体伦理学反思——以干细胞、脑科学和合成生物学为例  

Reflections on Contemporary Life Science Technology Based on Ethics of the Body:Take Stem Cells Technology,Brain Science Research and Synthetic Biology Researches as the Examples

作　　者：陈天 赵旭 CHEN Tian;ZHAO Xu(School of Economics and Management,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan 030000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学经济与管理学院,山西太原030000

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2024年第12期11-15,33,共6页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2023年山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2023-104);2023年山西省高等学校哲学社会科学研究项目(2023W059);2023年山西师范大学人文社会科学基金一般项目(RWSK2308)。

摘　　要：身体,因兼具工具理性和价值理性,成为生命伦理学回应前沿生物技术伦理挑战的新视角、新理论,特别是具有趋前属性的身体伦理学,为伦理学研究提供了未来想象。譬如,生殖干细胞技术,可能引起技术关系取代性别关系,造成社会权力结构变革;大脑类器官可能造成意识数字化,进而生命变得可读、可编码、可篡改,最终引发意识形态革命;合成生物学可能造成人类“神性尊严”消失、“世俗尊严”丧失,最终走向“技术尊严”的道德异化。总之,回应生物技术的道德诘难,生命伦理学必须以技术的想象为边界,而这个边界正建立在身体体验之上。Body has the attributes of both instrumental rationality and value rationality,which makes it a new perspective and theoretical framework for bioethics to respond to the ethical challenges of cutting-edge biotechnology.In particular,the ethics of the body,a forward-looking morality,provides a future imagination for ethical research.For example,germline stem cells technology may lead to technical power relations to replace gender power relations,resulting in structural changes in social power.Second,the study of brain organoids may lead to the digitization of consciousness,which will make humans readable,programmable,tamperable,and eventually evolve into an ideological revolution.Third,synthetic biology may cause the disappearance of human"divine dignity"and the loss of"secular dignity",and eventually lead to the alienation of"technological dignity".In short,in response to the moral challenges of biotechnology,bioethics must be bounded by technological imagination,which is being built on physical experience.

关 键 词：身体伦理学 趋前道德 生殖干细胞 脑科学 合成生物学 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]