满足多维功能需求的通用机场区域布局研究  

Research on the Regional Layout Planning of General Airports for Multi-dimensional Functional Demand

作　　者：姜雨[1] 刘猛猛 李智超 薛清文 戴垚宇 JIANG Yu;LIU Mengmeng;LI Zhichao;XUE Qingwen;DAI Yaoyu(School of Civil Aviation,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China;College of General Aviation and Flight,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学民航学院,南京211106 [2]南京航空航天大学通用航空与飞行学院,南京211106

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2024年第5期1296-1314,共19页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52372298)。

摘　　要：目前通用机场建设是我国通航产业发展的重点,合理的通用机场布局是后续通航产业发展的基础,因此本文构建多维需求分析-布局选址-功能定位研究框架,为区域通用机场布局规划提供科学性方法。本文首先构建通用机场运输需求及非运输需求影响指标体系,采用组合赋权法获得通用机场区域运输需求及非运输需求分布;其次改进多边形支配点集法为通用机场多维功能需求最大覆盖问题提供候选设施区位,以最大化多维功能需求覆盖和改善机场可达性为目标构建通用机场布局规划模型,设计NSGA-Ⅲ算法进行求解;最后提出基于k-means聚类的通用机场功能定位方法,实现通用机场差异化功能定位。以某地区为实例,实验结果显示,在近期规划中当通用机场数量增加29个,区域运输需求覆盖率达58.78%,非运输需求覆盖率达66.17%;在远期规划中,当通用机场数量增加64个,运输需求覆盖率达89.20%,非运输需求覆盖率达97.57%,基本覆盖通用机场多维功能需求。在近期和远期规划中,该地区通用机场1 h通勤区域占比由目前28.73%分别提升至60.63%和78.35%。本文根据远期布局方案确定通用机场等级及功能,使得机场功能定位与多维功能需求分布相适应,为通用机场的规划和建设提供理论依据。With the development of the low-altitude economy,many provinces have released general airport layout plans,and the construction of general airports has reached its climax.Reasonable layout and functional positioning of general airports are the foundation for the development of the general aviation industry.However,there is still a lack of methods for generating scientific and reasonable airport layout.Therefore,it is urgently necessary to develop a scientific method for layout planning and functional positioning of general airports.Moreover,the existing research has not fully considered the spatial diversity of multi-dimensional demand of general airports,resulting in a one-sided general airport layout plan which is decoupled from functional positioning.To address these problems,this paper aims to construct a research framework for multi-dimensional demand analysis,layout planning,and functional positioning,and generate layout planning of general airports based on multi-dimensional functional demand.First,the demand for transportation and non-transportation functions of general airports is a systematically analyzed.Combining with real data,the impact index system for transportation and non-transportation demand is constructed based on an econometric model and characteristics of non-transportation functions.Then,a combined weighting method is used to overlay the impact indicators to obtain the distribution of regional transportation and non-transportation demand.Second,the improved Polygon Intersection Point Set method is employed to discretize the continuous facility sitting problem based on multi-dimensional functional demand coverage assumptions.After that,the multi-dimensional functional demand-oriented general airport layout planning models are constructed.The NSGA-III algorithm is designed to solve the multi-objective model.Finally,the k-means clustering-based general airport functional positioning model is proposed.An example region is selected to carry out general airport layout planning.The results show t

关 键 词：航空运输 机场布局优化 多维功能需求 多边形支配点集法 连续设施选址 最大覆盖模型 NSGA-Ⅲ算法 功能定位 

分 类 号：V351[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]