GUM与MCM评定雨量传感器不确定度对比研究  

Comparative Study of Uncertainty of GUM and MCM Rated Rainfall Sensors

作　　者：魏明明 刘小钢 邹丽 WEI Mingming;LIU Xiaogang;ZOU Li(Jiangxi Provincial Meteorological Detection Center,Nanchang 330096,China;Jiangxi Provincial Meteorological Data Center,Nanchang 330096,China;Gansu Provincial Meteorological Information and Technic Support and Equipment Center,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省气象探测中心,江西南昌330096 [2]江西省气象数据中心,江西南昌330096 [3]甘肃省气象信息与技术装备保障中心,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《自动化仪表》2024年第6期88-93,共6页Process Automation Instrumentation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42065011);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(2023IBAB203074)。

摘　　要：以SL3-1型双翻斗雨量传感器的校准结果为例,开展评定雨量传感器不确定度对比研究。首先,对雨量传感器结构、工作原理以及试验方案进行分析。然后,分别采用《测量不确定性的表达指南》(GUM)和蒙特卡洛法(MCM)对雨量传感器误差的测量不确定度进行分析与评定,发现MCM比GUM具有更完整的理论依据,能有效地简化不确定度的评定流程等。最后,根据《用蒙特卡洛法评定测量不确定度》方法,用MCM对GUM进行适用性验证,发现GUM不适合翻斗式雨量传感器误差的测量不确定度的评定。研究结果显示,评定翻斗式雨量传感器误差的测量不确定度时,采用MCM更合适,可提高雨量传感器测量结果的可信程度。该研究有效突破以往研究中仅依靠GUM评定雨量传感器不确定度,导致结果可靠性不高的现状。该研究对于观测数据的合理应用、仪器的改进与研发等方面有着重要的理论和应用价值。Taking the calibration results of SL3-1 double tipping bucket rain sensor as an example,a comparative study of uncertainty of rated rainfall sensors is carried out.Firstly,the rainfall sensor structure,working principle and test scheme are analyzed.Then,the measurement uncertainty of the rainfall sensor error is analyzed and evaluated by using the Guide to the Expression Uncertainty in Measurement(GUM)and Monte Carlo method(MCM)respectively,and it is found that the MCM has a more complete theoretical basis than the GUM,and it can effectively simplify the process of evaluating the uncertainty.Finally,according to the method of Assessing Measurement Uncertainty by Monte Carlo Method,the applicability of GUM is verified by MCM,and it is found that GUM is not suitable for assessing the measurement uncertainty of tipping bucket rainfall sensor error.The results of this study show that MCM is more suitable for assessing the measurement uncertainty of the tipping bucket rainfall sensor error,which can improve the credibility of the rainfall sensor measurement results.This study effectively breaks the status of relying only on GUM to assess the uncertainty of rainfall sensors in previous studies,which leads to low reliability of the results.The study has important theoretical and applied values for the rational application of observational data and the improvement and research and development of instruments and other aspect.

关 键 词：翻斗式雨量传感器 测量误差 不确定度 蒙特卡洛法 测量不确定性的表达指南 

分 类 号：TH864[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]