基于环境RNA研究海山效应对浮游细菌多样性和分布的影响  

ESTIMATION OF THE SEAMOUNT EFFECT ON PLANKTONIC BACTERIA DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION USING ENVIRONMENTAL RNA

作　　者：尹婷婷 赵峰 刘巍岳[2,3] 徐奎栋 YIN Ting-Ting;ZHAO Feng;LIU Wei-Yue;XU Kui-Dong(Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学,青岛266109 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生物分类与系统演化实验室,青岛266071 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2024年第7期1111-1119,共9页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41930533和41976099);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2022206)资助。

摘　　要：研究采用环境RNA技术探究西太平洋M4海山区细菌多样性,并与基于环境DNA技术的研究结果进行比较,解析细菌代谢活性特征。结果表明基于环境RNA和DNA技术检获的物种构成相似,但真光层中蓝细菌在RNA中的占比明显高于DNA,显示其高代谢活性;而α变形菌在RNA中的占比明显小于DNA,代谢活性低;γ变形菌在RNA中占比更大且随水层加深而增加。物种间关系网络复杂度随着水深的增加呈先升高后下降的趋势。基于RNA数据构建的网络较DNA数据网络简单,且随着水深增加变化趋势更加显著,去除蓝细菌后网络变化剧烈,而去除α变形菌对网络影响小。综上,研究基于环境RNA技术提供了海山区浮游细菌多样性及分布更加完整的认知,α变形菌在海山区多样性占比和其在群落中作用可能被高估。Seamounts are widely distributed across the ocean floor,harboring diverse and unique biological communities due to their distinctive topography and hydrodynamic environment.Previous studies utilizing environmental DNA sequencing identified cyanobacteria,gammaproteobacteria,and alphaproteobacteria as dominant taxa,playing pivotal roles in the high biodiversity observed in seamount area.However,environmental DNA can not differentiate between living or dead cells,providing an incomplete picture of the distribution of active bacteria.Environmental RNA,prone to degradation outside the cell,offers insights into the biodiversity of active taxa.We investigated the diversity of active bacteria in the M4 seamounts of the western Pacific Ocean using environmental RNA sequencing in comparison with the results of studies based on environmental DNA sequencing,comparing the results with studies based on environmental DNA sequencing.While the species composition exhibited similarities between RNA and DNA datasets,the proportion of cyanobacteria in RNA was notably higher in DNA in the euphotic zone,indicating elevated metabolic activity.Conversely,the proportion of alphaproteobacteria was significantly lower in the RNA dataset,suggesting reduced metabolic activity.Gammaproteobacteria proportions increased in the RNA dataset at greater seawater depths.The co-occurrence network showed increasing complexity followed by a decrease with rising water depth.The RNAbased network was simpler than its DNA counterpart,yet variations along the water depth were more pronounced.Removing cyanobacteria caused a drastic change in the network,whereas the removal of alphaproteobacteria had minimal impact.In conclusion,this study enhances our understanding of active bacterioplankton diversity and distribution in seamounts through environmental RNA sequencing.The proportion of alphaproteobacteria in the total bacterial community and their role in the co-occurrence network in seamounts may have been overestimated.

关 键 词：深海 环境RNA 细菌 微生物多样性 海山效应 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学]