气相色谱-质谱法分析芥花油中的挥发性成分和脂肪酸  

Determination of volatile components and fatty acids in canola oil by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

作　　者：贺茂芳 张博[1] 唐一梅[1] 张育珍 张剑 韩禄[1] 秦蓓[1] HE Mao-fang;ZHANG Bo;TANG Yi-mei;ZHANG Yu-zhen;ZHANG Jian;HAN Lu;QIN Bei(College of Pharmacy,Institute of Drug Research,Xi'an Medical University,Xi'an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]西安医学院药学院,西安医学院药物研究所,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《化学研究与应用》2024年第6期1406-1411,共6页Chemical Research and Application

基　　金：陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2021ZDLSF03-05)资助;陕西省教育厅自然科学基础研究计划项目(23JK0643)资助;陕西高校青年创新团队建设项目(2022-85)资助;西安医学院校级科技创新团队项目(2021TD03、2021TD07)资助。

摘　　要：研究芥花油的挥发性成分和脂肪酸的组成及相对含量。采用顶空气相色谱-质谱法直接分析芥花油的挥发性成分和相对含量;将芥花油中的脂肪酸酯化后采用气相色谱-质谱法进行分离鉴定,峰面积归一化法计算单个脂肪酸的相对含量。当顶空进样器在170℃平衡20min、芥花油质量为3.0g时,挥发性物质的种类和丰度最强。在最佳进样条件下,共鉴定出39种挥发性物质,占挥发性成分总量的98.20%;含量最高的是醛类,共20种,占比61.52%;醇类共10种,占比17.74%;烯类共4种,占比13.70%;其他种类5种,占比5.24%。含量在5%以上的物质有6种,它们分别是王醛,(E)-2-十烯醛,(E,E)-2-十一烯醛,1-甲氧基-2-丙烯,已醛,1-甲基环丙烷甲醇。芥花油中共检测出19种脂肪酸,包括饱和脂肪酸共11种,占比5.94%;单不饱和脂肪酸共6种,占比9.92%;多不饱和脂肪酸共2种,占比84.14%。含量最高的是α-亚麻酸(63.25%),其次是亚油酸(20.89%)。To study the composition and relative contents of volatile components and fatty acids in canola oil.The volatile compo-nents was directly analyzed by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS GC-MS)and the fatty acids was esterified and then identified by GC-MS.The relative amounts of individual fatty acids were calculated by peak area normalization.First,the head-space sampling condition was optimized,and the results showed that the volatile species and abundance were the strongest when the headspace sampler was balanced at 170 C for 20 min and the sample mass was 3.0 g.Under the optimal sampling conditions,39 volatile substances were identified,accounting for 98.20%of the total volatile components.Among them,there are 20 kinds of alde-hies,accounting for 61.52%,followed by 10 kinds of alcohols(17.74%).Again,4 kinds of alkenes(13.70%)and 5 kinds of others(5.24%).There are 6 substances containing more than 5%,which are nonaldehyde,(E)-2-dodecenin,(E,E)-2-andecylein,1-me-thoxy-2-propylene,hexaldehyde,1-methylcyclopropane methanol.A total of 19 kinds of fatty acids were detected in canola oil.There are 11 kinds of saturated fatty acid(SFA),6 kinds of monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA)and 2 kinds of polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA).The contents of SFA,MUFA and PUFA are 5.94%,30.81%and 63.25%,respectively.In terms of content,the highest content wasα-linolenic acid(63.25%),followed by linoleic acid(20.89%).

关 键 词：芥花油 脂肪酸 挥发性成分 顶空进样 气相色谱-质谱法 

分 类 号：O657.7[理学—分析化学]