贝莱斯芽孢杆菌HYN-9的分离、鉴定及其对花生白绢病的生防作用  

Isolation and Identification of Bacillus velezensis HYN-9 and Its Biocontrol Efficacy against Sclerotium rolfsii

作　　者：李亮亮 李磊 甄静[1] 陈国参[1] 杨文玲[1] 雷高 王继雯[1] LI Liang-liang;LI Lei;ZHEN Jing;CHEN Guo-can;YANG Wen-ling;LEI Gao;WANG Ji-wen(Institute of Biology Co.,Ltd.,Henan Academy of Sciences/Key Lab.of Microbial Engineering of Henan)

机构地区：[1]河南省科学院生物研究所有限责任公司/河南省微生物工程重点实验室,河南郑州450008

出　　处：《花生学报》2024年第2期55-62,共8页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(222102110309);河南省科学院重大科研聚焦项目(210105002);河南省科技研发计划联合基金项目(225200810095)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在分离和鉴定对花生白绢病菌(Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.)具有高效拮抗作用的细菌菌株。采用稀释涂布平板法从废弃的黄芩药渣中分离到18株细菌,其中菌株HYN-9对S.rolfsii的抑菌活性最强,抑菌带宽度为10.92 mm。基于形态特征、生理生化特征和16S rDNA序列,将菌株HYN-9鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)。菌株HYN-9的无菌发酵滤液对S.rolfsii菌丝生长的抑制率为70.01%,并对菌核的形成和萌发也均有较强的抑制作用。此外还发现HYN-9产生的挥发性气体能明显抑制S.rolfsii的生长,抑菌率达88.79%。盆栽试验表明拮抗细菌HYN-9能够明显降低花生白绢病的发病率和感病指数,对花生白绢病的防效为73.23%,显著高于接种多菌灵药剂47.62%的防效(P<0.05)。拮抗细菌HYN-9也能提高花生防御酶活性,接种HYN-9后花生叶片的苯丙氨酸酶(PAL)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性显著增加,进而增强花生对病害的系统抗性。以上结果表明贝莱斯芽孢杆菌HYN-9对S.rolfsii具有较强的拮抗作用,是一株具有开发应用潜力的花生白绢病生防菌株。This study aimed to obtain bacterial strains with high antagonistic effects against Sclerotium rolfsii.In total,18 bacterial strains were isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis residue by plate coating method.Among these strains,HYN-9 exhibited the most robust antagonistic activity against S.rolfsii,with an inhibition zone width of 10.92 mm.The strain HYN-9 was identified as Bacillus velezensis based on morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics,and 16S rDNA sequencing.The culture filtrate of HYN-9 potently inhibited the hyphal growth of S.rolfsii with an inhibition rate of 70.01%,and also had a strong inhibitory effect on the formation and germination of sclerotia.In addition,the volatile compounds produced by strain HYN-9 inhibited the growth of S.rolfsii with an antibacterial rate of 88.79%.Pot experiment showed that HYN-9 significantly reduced the incidence rate and index of infection to peanut southern blight with the efficacy of 73.23%,which was significantly higher compared with carbendazim medicament(47.62%,P<0.05).Meanwhile,HYN-9 improved the activity of plant defense enzymes such as phenylalaninase(PAL),polyphenol oxidase(PPO),and peroxidase(POD),and so that enhanced the systemic resistance of the peanut plant against diseases.This study demonstrated that the strain HYN-9 possesses strong antagonistic effect against S.rolfsii,and has potential to be developed as biocontrol agents for peanut southern blight.

关 键 词：白绢病菌 菌株筛选 拮抗 黄芩药渣 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌 

分 类 号：S435.652[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] Q939.92[农业科学—植物保护]