海德格尔现象学与美学关联的思想线索  

The Ideological Thread of the Connection between Heidegger’s Phenomenology with Aesthetics

作　　者：仲霞[1] ZHONG Xia

机构地区：[1]厦门大学中文系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《学术月刊》2024年第5期157-167,共11页Academic Monthly

摘　　要：前期海德格尔建立了实存现象学,但由于此在之生存—操心的单向意向性结构以及“畏”之否定性的意向性主题,与现象学美学的结构、主题不相容,故未能与美学发生关联。中期海德格尔一方面改变了前期实存现象学的主体性意向性结构和否定性主题,建立起本有—居有之被给予性的逆意向性结构和真理主题,从而展开其本有现象学。同时,他以接受柏拉图的爱欲美学思想为契机,基于本有结构和真理主题,使本有现象学与美学发生关联,建立了本有现象学美学,提出“美是作为无蔽的真理的一种现身方式”的观点。后期海德格尔接续中期隐伏下来的爱欲现象学思想线索,以存在为生存的根据和人与世界的共在,建立了以存在为结构、以爱为主题的交互主体性双向意向性结构,即“天、地、神、人”游戏的存在现象学。依据存在的双向意向性结构和爱的主题,实现存在现象学与美学的关联,建立了存在现象学美学;即通过“诗意地栖居”实现自由的生存,回归存在的同一性。In his early period,Heidegger established his phenomenology of existence.However,due to the unidirectional intentional structure of Dasein’s Existenz-Sorge and the negative intentional theme of“Angst”,it was incompatible with the structure and theme of phenomenological aesthetics,thus failing to connect with aesthetics and establish a corresponding phenomenological aesthetics.In the mid-period,Heidegger,on one hand,altered the subjective intentional structure and negative theme of his early phenomenology of existence,establishing the Ereignis-ereignen’s counter-intentional structure of Being-givenness and the theme of truth,thereby unfolding his phenomenology of Ereignis.On the other hand,by embracing Plato’s aesthetic thought of eros,based on the structure of Ereignis and the theme of truth,he connected the phenomenology of Ereignis with aesthetics to establish a phenomenological aesthetics of Ereignis,putting forth the viewpoint that“beauty is one way in which truth as unconcealment comes to presence”.In the later period of his thought,Heidegger continued the latent thread of erotic phenomenology from the mid-period,regarding Being as the basis of existence and the co-presence of humans with the world.He established a dual intentional structure with interactive subjectivity based on Being as the structure and love as the theme,known as the ontological phenomenology featuring the mirror-play of the fourfold of earth and sky,divinities and mortals.Based on this dual intentional structure of Being and the theme of love,Heidegger achieved a connection between ontological phenomenology and aesthetics,thus establishing aesthetics of ontological phenomenology.This aesthetics aims to achieve free existence through“poetic dwelling”and return to the identity of Being.

关 键 词：海德格尔 现象学 现象学美学 意向性结构 意向性主题 

分 类 号：B83[哲学宗教—美学]