造礁石珊瑚演化发育生物学研究进展  

Research advances in the evolutionary and developmental biology of reef-building corals

作　　者：张志伟 周文良 张晶晶 胡怡思 魏辅文 ZHANG ZhiWeil;ZHOU WenLiang;ZHANG JingJing;HU Yisi;WEI FuWen(Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511458,China;School of Life Sciences,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China;College of Forestry,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),海洋生物演化与保护生物学研究中心,广州511458 [2]广州大学,生命科学学院,广州510006 [3]江西农业大学,林学院,南昌330045

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2024年第5期805-818,共14页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2021YFF0502804);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)PI项目(批准号:GML2020GD0804,GML2022GD0804)资助。

摘　　要：造礁石珊瑚是海洋中的关键动物类群.在漫长的演化过程中,造礁石珊瑚获得与虫黄藻细胞内共生、生物矿化造礁等重要功能性状,是珊瑚礁生态系统的框架生物,在维持生态系统生物多样性及生态调节功能等方面发挥关键作用.同时,以造礁石珊瑚为代表的刺胞动物是双侧动物最近缘的分支,在系统发育演化上占据非常关键的地位,其胚层、体轴以及多种功能细胞的发育调控等相关研究结果,对探讨双侧动物相应性状的演化起源具有极其重要的指导意义.本文梳理造礁石珊瑚在演化发育生物学领域的研究进展,重点关注其重要细胞类群、胚层和体轴、繁殖策略及其细胞内共生和生物矿化等关键性状的演化起源和发育调控机制等.同时,本文提出几个未来造礁石珊瑚演化发育研究值得重点关注的方向,包括关键功能性状的分子基础、生殖细胞发育和性别决定、干细胞与再生能力等.Reef-building corals are the key animals in the ocean ecosystem.During the evolution,reef-building corals have evolved important ecological functional traits,such as endosymbiosis with Symbiodiniaceae and biomineralization,which help maintain the biodiversity and ecological functions of coral reef ecosystem.Considered as the sister group of Bilateria,reef-building corals belong to Cnidaria,and play important roles in phylogenetic evolution.Numerous researches about cnidarian germ layers,body axis and functional cell type diversity have provided novel perspectives in the origin and adaptive evolution of corresponding traits in bilaterians.In this review,we summarized the current research advances in reef-building corals,focusing on the evolutionarily developmental regulation mechanisms underlined the key ecological traits,including the diversification of cell types and function,formation of germ layers and body axis,reproductive strategies,endosymbiosis and biomineralization.We also proposed several research interests in reef-building corals,including molecular basis of key ecological traits,germ cell development and sex determination,and stem cell and regeneration.

关 键 词：造礁石珊瑚 演化发育生物学 繁殖策略 细胞内共生 生物矿化 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]