人际关系对受贿决策的影响——中美跨文化比较  

How does Interpersonal Relationship Affect Bribery Decision-Making?A Cross-Cultural Comparison of China and the United States

作　　者：张渠杰 施灵铮 程晓荣[1] 范炤[1] 定险峰[1] Zhang Qujie;Shi Lingzheng;Cheng Xiaorong;Fan Zhao;Ding Xianfeng(School of Psychology,Central China Normal University,Wuhan430079)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学心理学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《心理科学》2024年第3期639-647,共9页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目(19BSH119)的资助。

摘　　要：以往研究表明人际关系对腐败行为有重要影响,但不同文化下这种关系效应是否存在差异尚缺乏探讨。通过两个实验分别考察了中美不同文化下直接关系和间接关系对受贿决策的影响。结果发现,一方面,中美两国被试均出现随着关系距离增加受贿概率降低的关系效应;另一方面也表现出文化差异,中国被试的关系效应强于美国被试,而且风险对于关系效应的文化差异有显著的调节作用。上述结果支持人际关系距离对受贿决策的影响同时存在跨文化的一致性和差异性。Bribery,a fundamental form of corruption,involves public officials using their positions to illegally acquire property and gain personal advantage,making it one of the most damaging corrupt practices in society.Previous studies indicate that interpersonal connections influence decisions regarding bribery.Individuals tend to favor closer associates when contemplating whether to accept a bribe,thereby elevating the likelihood of succumbing to corruption.Furthermore,the perception of interpersonal closeness varies between individualistic and collectivistic cultures.In collectivist societies,distinctions in how individuals treat those of varying closeness levels are more pronounced,whereas such differences are less pronounced in individualistic cultures.Hence,the central question arises:do cultural disparities impact the interpersonal mechanisms that govern bribery decisions?We hypothesize that interpersonal relationships exert a more substantial influence on bribery decisions in collectivist cultures,which prioritize interpersonal relationships,than in individualist cultures.Interpersonal relationships are categorized into direct and indirect relationships,and this study also examines how bribery decisions based on direct and indirect relationships behave differently.To account for potential moderating factors,we also investigate how cultural differences in the effects of relationships may vary in the context of risk probability and bribe amounts.The experiments were conducted in China and the U.S.Data for Chinese subjects were collected on the Credamo platform and data for U.S.subjects were collected on Amazon Mechanical Turk.In the experimental procedure,each subject first reads the instruction,then reads the situational story and makes a bribe decision in each independent variable condition.We manipulated the independent variable conditions through different situational stories.A four-factor mixed design was used:2(country:United States,China)×3(relationship distance:relative,friend,stranger)×2(risk probability

关 键 词：直接关系 间接关系 集体主义文化 个人主义文化 受贿决策 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学] C912.1[哲学宗教—心理学] D523.4[经济管理]