嵌合抗原受体T细胞免疫治疗急性T淋巴细胞白血病相关靶点的研究进展  

Research progress on targets related to chimeric antigen receptor T cell immunotherapy for acute T lymphoblastic leukemia

作　　者：马金凤[1] 叶翎[1] 颜春龙[1] 张海国[1] Ma Jinfeng;Ye Ling;Yan Chunong;Zhang Haiguo(Department of Hematology,Jining No.1 People's Hospital,Jining 272000,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]济宁市第一人民医院血液内科,济宁272000

出　　处：《国际输血及血液学杂志》2024年第1期75-82,共8页International Journal of Blood Transfusion and Hematology

基　　金：济宁市第一人民医院科研基金启航项目(2021-QHM-016)。

摘　　要：嵌合抗原受体T细胞(CAR-T)免疫治疗在急性B淋巴细胞白血病(B-ALL)、B细胞淋巴瘤等血液肿瘤患者治疗方面取得显著进展,为急性T淋巴细胞白血病(T-ALL)患者带来新的治疗希望。然而,由于CD1、CD3、CD5、CD7等细胞表面抗原在T-ALL和正常T细胞上共同表达,传统CAR-T难以有效区分T-ALL和正常T细胞,从而导致CAR-T免疫治疗T-ALL面临"自相残杀"效应和杀伤正常细胞的巨大挑战。研究者希望找到更有效和安全CAR-T治疗靶点,以达到特异性杀伤T-ALL细胞同时避免"自相残杀"效应的目的。近年来,使用特异性靶点CAR-T免疫治疗T-ALL的研究不断进展,其相关临床前和临床试验亦取得一定成果。笔者拟就CAR-T免疫治疗T-ALL面临的挑战及对策,以及不同靶点CAR-T免疫治疗T-ALL的研究进展进行综述,旨在为T-ALL患者的CAR-T免疫治疗提供思路。Chimeric antigen receptor T cell(CAR-T)immunotherapy has made significant progress in the treatment of hematological malignancies such as acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL)and B-cell lymphoma.It bring new hope for patients with acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia(T-ALL).However,because CD1,CD3,CD5,CD7 and other cell surface antigens are co-expressed on T-ALL cells and normal T cells,it is difficult for traditional CAR-T to distinguish T-ALL cells from normal T cells effectively,resulting in CAR-T immunotherapy of T-ALL patients faces huge challenges of"suicide"effect and killing of normal cells.Researchers are expected to find more effective and safe CAR-T therapeutic targets to specifically kill T-ALL cells while avoiding the"suicide"effect.In recent years,research on CAR-T immunotherapy with specific targets in T-ALL treatment has continued to progress,and its related preclinical and clinical trial results have also achieved certain results.This article intends to elaborate on the challenges and countermeasures of CAR-T immunotherapy in T-ALL treatment,as well as the current research progress of CAR-T immunotherapy with different targets,aiming to provide ideas for CAR-T immunotherapy for T-ALL patients.

关 键 词：前体T细胞淋巴母细胞白血病淋巴瘤 受体 嵌合抗原 血液肿瘤 嵌合抗原受体T细胞免疫疗法 靶点 

分 类 号：R733.71[医药卫生—肿瘤]