低密度聚乙烯微塑料对土壤中含氧多环芳烃自然衰减的影响  

Effect of Low-density Polyethylene Microplastics on Natural Attenuation of Oxygenated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil

作　　者：汤佳豪 鲍文秀 张闻 李瑜婷 古鹏 吴济舟 卢媛[3] TANG Jia-hao;BAO Wen-xiu;ZHANG Wen;LI Yu-ting;GU Peng;WU Ji-zhou;LU Yuan(Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology,Ecology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan 250103,China;China Testing Holding Group Jingcheng Testing Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 511400,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院),山东省科学院生态研究所,山东省应用微生物重点实验室,济南250103 [2]国检测试控股集团京诚检测有限公司,广州511400 [3]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300350

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第6期3688-3699,共12页Environmental Science

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2022MD116);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1804103)。

摘　　要：农田土壤中微塑料的不断积累可能会影响含氧多环芳烃(OPAHs)的自然衰减行为.通过土壤微宇宙实验,研究了质量分数为1%和0.01%低密度聚乙烯微塑料(LDPE)对土壤中OPAHs自然衰减的影响,并探究了细菌群落响应与OPAHs自然衰减的关联.土壤中初始ω(OPAHs)为34.6 mg·kg^(-1),培养14 d时LDPE抑制了土壤中OPAHs的自然衰减,LDPE处理组ω(OPAHs)较对照组高出0.9~1.6 mg·kg^(-1),抑制程度随LDPE质量分数增大而增大;28 d时3个处理组间土壤中OPAHs含量无显著差异,LDPE抑制效应消失.LDPE处理未改变OPAHs污染土壤中群落优势物种组成,但影响了部分优势物种相对丰度;使门水平上变形菌门和放线菌门等相对丰度增加;使属水平上芽孢杆菌属相对丰度下降,而小单孢菌属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属和硝化螺旋菌属相对丰度增加(为LDPE及内源物的潜在降解菌),这4个菌属均是属水平上主导组间群落差异的主要物种.LDPE使细菌群落的α和β多样性发生了变化,但差异不显著.LDPE影响了细菌群落的功能,降低了多环芳烃降解基因的总丰度及部分降解酶丰度,抑制了多环芳烃降解菌的生长,进而干预了OPAHs自然衰减.The continuous accumulation of microplastics in agricultural soils may affect the natural attenuation of oxygen-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(OPAHs).The effects of low-density polyethylene(LDPE)microplastics with the spiking proportion of 1%and 0.01%in soils on the natural attenuation of OPAHs were investigated via soil microcosm experiments.The relation between the response of bacterial communities and OPAHs dissipation was also explored.The initial content of OPAHs in the soil was 34.6 mg·kg^(-1).The dissipation of OPAHs in the soil on day 14 was inhibited by LDPE.The contents of OPAHs in LDPE groups were higher than that in the control by 0.9-1.6 mg·kg^(-1),and the inhibition degree increased with the proportion of LDPE.The contents of OPAHs were not significantly different among groups on day 28,indicating that the inhibitory effect of LDPE disappeared.LDPE did not change the composition of the dominant taxa in the OPAHs-contaminated soil community but influenced the relative abundances of some dominant taxa.LDPE increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria at the phylum level and decreased that of Bacillus and increased those of Micromonospora,Sphingomonas,and Nitrospira(potential degrading bacteria of LDPE and endogenous substances)at the genus level,all four of which were the main genera dominating intergroup community differences.LDPE changed theαandβdiversity of bacterial communities,but the extents were not significant.LDPE affected the function of the bacterial community,reducing the total abundance of PAHs-degrading genes and some degrading enzymes,inhibiting the growth of PAHs-degrading bacteria and thus interfering with the natural decay of OPAHs.

关 键 词：微塑料(MPs) 低密度聚乙烯(LDPE) 含氧多环芳烃(OPAHs) 自然衰减 细菌群落 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]