不同环境介质轮胎微塑料老化及小粒径微粒释放特征  

Aging and Small-sized Particles Release Characteristics of Tire Microplastics in Various Environmental Media

作　　者：张泰硕 商静静 刘海勇 王顺燕 刘鹏[1] ZHANG Tai-shuo;SHANG Jing-jing;LIU Hai-yong;WANG Shun-yan;LIU Peng(Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Shandong Huankeyuan Environmental Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250000,China;Shandong Qilu Water Group Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,农业农村部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室,杨凌712100 [2]山东省环科院环境工程有限公司,济南250000 [3]山东齐鲁水务集团有限公司,济南250000

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第6期3700-3707,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42107434)。

摘　　要：为了探究轮胎微塑料在不同环境介质中的老化和小粒径微粒释放特征,于实验室条件下模拟了汽车和电动自行车两种不同的轮胎微塑料在干燥和水环境中的老化过程.结果表明,轮胎微塑料经过30 d的紫外光照后会发生一定程度的老化,具体表现为表面变得粗糙,出现裂纹和剥落等现象.通过傅里叶红外光谱得知,其表面羰基指数也有所上升.此外,轮胎微塑料在紫外光照和水力作用的影响下会释放大量的亚微米级小粒子,水环境中的汽车轮胎微塑料在光照条件下第30 d时每mL溶液中释放粒子数量达到了69480万个,其中粒径小于1μm的有69460万个,是黑暗条件下的100倍左右.研究表明,水环境中的轮胎微塑料在光照条件下更易发生老化并释放更多的小粒子,且汽车轮胎微塑料较电动自行车轮胎微塑料释放的小粒子更多,具有潜在的生态环境风险.In recent years,research on microplastics has mostly focused on thermoplastic materials,and there is a lack of research on the pollution status and environmental behavior of tire microplastics,a type of rubber elastomers.In order to investigate the aging and small-sized particles release characteristics of tire microplastics in various environmental media,the aging process of two different tire microplastics,one for cars and the other for electric bicycles,was simulated in dry and aquatic environments under laboratory conditions.The results showed that the tire microplastics would be aged after 30 d of UV illumination,which was manifested by the roughness of the surface and the appearance of cracks and flaking.The Fourier infrared spectra showed that the carbonyl index of the surface also increased.In addition,tire microplastics released a large number of small sub-micron particles under the influence of UV illumination and hydrodynamic action,and the number of particles released from car tire microplastics in aquatic environments reached 694.8 million particles per milliliter of solution at 30 d of the UV light condition,among which 694.6 million particles with a particle size of less than 1µm were released,which was approximately 100 times of that in the dark condition.The study showed that tire microplastics in aquatic environments were more susceptible to aging and released more small particles under light conditions and that car tire microplastics released more small particles than electric bicycle tire microplastics,posing ecological and environmental risks.

关 键 词：轮胎 微塑料(MPs) 光老化 粒子释放 水力作用 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学]